"The Nature of Seawater" Water on Earth PPT

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"The Nature of Seawater" Water on Earth PPT

Part One Content: Learning Objectives:

1. Understand the main factors affecting seawater temperature, salinity, and density. (emphasis)

2. Use chart data to summarize the temporal changes and spatial distribution patterns of seawater temperature, salinity, and density. (important and difficult points)

3. Connect with the actual production and life and analyze the relationship between seawater properties and human activities. (emphasis)

PPT on the properties of sea water, part 2: independent preview and exploration of new knowledge

1. Sea water temperature

1. Influencing factors

1 Main factors: Seawater heat balance Heat income—— Heat expenditure——Seawater

(2) Other factors: land and sea distribution, atmospheric movement, seawater movement, etc.

2. Distribution

(1) Vertical distribution law: ______ with increasing depth, and the temperature change range below 1,000 meters is ______.

(2) Horizontal distribution pattern: Surface water temperature decreases from low latitudes to high latitudes.

(3) Time distribution pattern: In the same sea area, the summer water temperature ______ the winter water temperature.

3. Effect of sea water temperature

(1) Affects the distribution of marine life

①The ocean surface is the main _______ for marine life.

② Different _____ species of marine life live on the surface of the ocean at different latitudes.

③Some marine organisms swim _____ due to seasonal changes in water temperature.

④Human fishery activities are affected by seawater temperature.

(2) Impact on ocean transportation: _____ is more obvious in higher sea areas.

(3) It regulates atmospheric temperature: the temperature of sea water changes _____ than that of land; the temperature above the ocean changes _____ than that of land.

2. Salinity of sea water

1. Meaning: Indicates the mass fraction of salt substances in seawater, usually expressed as ____. The average salinity of the world's oceans is ____.

2. Distribution rules of salinity of surface seawater in the world’s oceans

The salinity of seawater in subtropical seas is ____. From the subtropical seas toward the equator and the poles, the salinity of seawater gradually becomes ____.

3. Main factors affecting seawater salinity

(1) The level of temperature: temperature____, salinity____.

(2) Comparison of precipitation and evaporation: if precipitation is greater than evaporation, salinity is ____, and vice versa.

(3) Conditions of runoff into the sea: The salinity of the sea area where the river flows is ____.

PPT on the nature of sea water, part three: cooperative exploration to overcome difficult problems

sea ​​water temperature

Seawater temperature is a physical quantity that reflects the hot and cold conditions of seawater. Therefore, its size mainly depends on the income and expenditure of seawater heat. Among them, seawater heat income mainly comes from solar radiation, and seawater heat expenditure mainly refers to the heat consumed by seawater evaporation. The world's ocean heat income and expenditure are basically balanced. However, in different seasons and different sea areas, the heat budget is unbalanced. Figure 1 is a graph showing the changes in average ocean surface temperature with latitude, and Figure 2 is a graph showing changes in water temperature with depth at three observation stations near 170°W in the Pacific Ocean.

Question 1 (Comprehensive thinking) What are the distribution characteristics of ocean surface temperature shown in Figure 1?

Tip: Ocean surface temperature decreases from low latitudes to high latitudes.

Question 2 (Comprehensive thinking) What is the pattern of vertical changes in seawater temperature shown in Figure 2?

Tip: Seawater temperature decreases with depth. The water temperature below 1,000 meters does not change much with depth and remains low.

Question 3 (Regional Cognition) Combined with Figure 1, determine the latitude of the three observation stations in Figure 2, and explain the reasons.

Tip: Among the three observation stations, station ③ has the highest latitude, and station ① has the lowest latitude. Because surface water temperature decreases with increasing latitude.

[Summary]

1. Factors affecting sea water temperature

(1) Latitude factorSolar radiationLower latitudes →stronger solar radiation →higher temperatures →higher latitudes →weaker solar radiation →lower temperatures

(2) Sea water movement: The water flow from the sea area with high water temperature in the same latitude sea area has a higher temperature, while the water flow from the sea area with low water temperature has a lower temperature.

(3)Seasonal sea water temperature is high in summer and low in winter

(4) Depth of surface seawater: It decreases significantly with the increase of depthWithin 1000 meters, the change is more obviousDeep seawater: There is little change between 1000m and 2000m, and it remains low temperature all year round below 2000m.

In addition, factors such as coastal topography (the coast has a gentle slope, receives more solar radiation, and the sea water temperature is higher), meteorology (cold air activity, precipitation, and the sea water temperature is lower) will affect the sea water temperature to varying degrees.

2. Temporal and spatial changes in seawater temperature and their causes

3. The regulating effect of the ocean on temperature

The ocean has a great regulating function on the temperature. When the solar radiation is strong, the ocean can absorb most of the radiation and store a large amount of heat through heat exchange within the seawater. When solar radiation weakens, the ocean can release stored heat. Therefore, compared with land, the ocean is warm in winter and cool in summer, while land is cold in winter and hot in summer. The distribution of land and sea on the earth's surface is very uneven. The land area in the northern hemisphere is about twice that of the southern hemisphere, and the ocean area is smaller than that of the southern hemisphere. Therefore, the northern hemisphere is hotter than the southern hemisphere in summer and colder in winter than the southern hemisphere. The average summer temperature in the northern hemisphere is 22.4°C, while that in the southern hemisphere is only 17.1°C. The average winter temperature in the northern hemisphere is 8.1°C, but it is 9.7°C in the southern hemisphere.

PPT on the nature of sea water, part 4 content: Competing literacy standards and solid foundation

1. The factors that can increase both the temperature and salinity of sea water are ()

A. Warm water flow B. river infusion

C． precipitation d. evaporation

A: The temperature and salinity of the sea water that warm water flows through are higher than those at the same latitude. ]

2. The sea surface temperature in the equatorial region is 30℃, and the sea surface temperature in the polar circle is 0℃. They are on the ocean floor at 4000m, and the difference in seawater temperature can reach ()

A. 2℃～3℃ B． 20℃

C． 25℃ D. 30℃

A: Seawater temperature decreases with depth. Below 1 000m, seawater temperature does not change much with depth. ]

3. Regarding the description of seawater isotherm, the correct statement is ()

A. Isotherms bulge southward near warm water currents in the Northern Hemisphere

B． Isotherms bulge southward near cold water flows in the Southern Hemisphere

C． Isotherms bulge northward near cold water flows

D． Isotherms near warm water currents all protrude toward high latitudes

D. The isotherm bulges northward near warm water flow in the Northern Hemisphere, the isotherm bulges northward near cold water flow in the Southern Hemisphere, and the isotherm bulges southward near cold water flow in the Northern Hemisphere. ]

Keywords: PPT courseware for high school geography required by the People's Education Press is free to download, PPT download of the nature of sea water, PPT download of water on the earth, .PPT format;

For more information about the PPT courseware "Water on Earth and the Properties of Seawater", please click on the "Water on Earth ppt Properties of Seawater" ppt tag.

"The Movement of Sea Water" Water on Earth PPT courseware:

"The Movement of Sea Water" Water on Earth PPT Courseware Part One Content: Explanation of Course Standards 1. Combined with materials, analyze the main causes and effects of waves, tides, and ocean currents. (Comprehensive thinking) 2. Combined with the ocean current distribution map, master the distribution patterns and names of ocean currents in the world's oceans.

"The Movement of Sea Water" Water on Earth PPT:

"The Movement of Sea Water" Water on Earth PPT Part One Content: Learning Objectives: 1. Understand the main forms and characteristics of sea water movement. 2. Understand the main influencing factors of waves and their impact on human activities. 3. Understand the causes of tides and their application characteristics. 4...

"The Nature of Seawater" Water on Earth PPT courseware:

"The Nature of Seawater" Water on Earth PPT courseware Part 1: Explanation of course standards 1. Combined with the chart information, understand the main factors that affect the temperature, salinity and density of seawater. (Comprehensive thinking) 2. Use chart data to summarize the time of seawater temperature, salinity, and density..

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Update Time: 2024-07-30

This template belongs to Geography courseware People's Education Press High School Geography Compulsory Course 1 industry PPT template

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