"The Armed Separatism of Workers and Peasants and the Long March of the Red Army" The Rise of the New Democratic Revolution PPT courseware

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"The Armed Separatism of Workers and Peasants and the Long March of the Red Army" The Rise of the New Democratic Revolution PPT courseware

Nanchang Uprising and Autumn Harvest Riots

Nanchang Uprising:

Background: The failure of the Great Revolution

Time and place: August 1, 1927, Nanchang

Leaders: Zhou Enlai, He Long, Ye Ting, Zhu De, Liu Bocheng

Significance: The beginning of the creation of the army by the Communist Party of China and the independent leadership of the armed struggle.

He Long: Commander-in-Chief and Commander of the 20th Army during the Nanchang Uprising

Zhou Enlai: Secretary of the Former Enemies Committee of the Communist Party of China

Ye Ting: Former enemy commander-in-chief and commander of the Eleventh Army during the Nanchang Uprising

Zhu De: Deputy Commander of the Ninth Army during the Nanchang Uprising

Autumn Harvest Uprising:

Background: On August 7, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held a secret meeting in Hankou. The meeting determined the general policy of agrarian revolution and armed uprising.

process:

On September 9, Mao Zedong launched the Autumn Harvest Uprising on the Hunan-Kiangxi border. The rebel army attacked Changsha in three groups, and finally decided to give up attacking the city and instead march into the countryside.

At the end of September, the uprising troops arrived in Sanwan Village, Yongxin, Jiangxi, where Mao Zedong carried out military and political reorganization, known in history as the "Sanwan Reorganization."

Think and explore

What are the measures to adapt Sanwan?

Reorganize the troops into a regiment, called the First Regiment of the First Division of the First Corps of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army;

The party organization was established in the company, the party representative system was established, and the basic principle of "the party commands the gun" was established;

The democratic system of soldier committees was established in the company and a new type of officer-soldier relationship was established.

think about it

Why did Mao Zedong go to Jinggangshan to establish a revolutionary base?

The terrain is dangerous, easy to defend but difficult to attack;

There is an abundance of agricultural products nearby;

Far away from big cities, the enemy is weak;

A good mass base makes it easy to establish base areas.

The establishment of the Jinggangshan revolutionary base was the beginning of the Communist Party of China's exploration of the correct revolutionary path of encircling cities from the countryside and seizing power with arms.

Let’s talk about the significance of the Nanchang Uprising, the Autumn Harvest Uprising and the Jinggangshan Reunion.

Nanchang, Autumn Harvest Uprising:

The beginning of the Communist Party of China's independent leadership of the revolutionary war, the creation of the people's army, and the establishment of rural revolutionary base areas.

Jinggangshan Reunion:

The establishment of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army and the Jinggangshan Revolutionary Base opened the way for the Chinese revolution to surround cities with rural areas and seize power with armed force.

Think and explore

What were the reasons for the failure of the Red Army’s fifth counter-campaign against “encirclement and suppression”? What is the most fundamental reason?

Objective: We are outnumbered and outnumbered

Subjective: "Left" adventurism mistakes

Root cause: Errors in military leadership and strategy and tactics

Zunyi Conference:

Time: January 1935

Location: Zunyi, Guizhou

content

Criticized Bo Gu and others, and affirmed Mao Zedong's basic principles for commanding the Red Army's operations;

The central leadership organization was reorganized and Mao Zedong was elected as a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau.

think about it

Why is the Zunyi Conference a life-or-death turning point in the history of the Chinese Communist Party and the Chinese revolution?

The Zunyi Conference ended the control of "Left" dogmatist errors in the central government;

The correct leadership of the Party Central Committee represented by Mao Zedong was established and the party and the Red Army were saved.

The significance of victory in the Long March:

historical meaning:

(1) Preserved the backbone of the Chinese Communist Party and the Red Army;

(2) Turn the revolution out of danger;

(3) It laid the foundation for creating a new situation in the Chinese revolution.

Practical significance:

It left a precious spiritual wealth to the Chinese nation - the spirit of the Long March.

Long March spirit:

A revolutionary optimism that is willing to endure hardship and is not afraid of difficulties;

The courage to fight and the invincible revolutionary heroism;

Focus on truth-seeking and independent innovation;

Collectivism that is good at unity and takes the overall situation into consideration.

Course exercises

1. The historical event in which the Communist Party of China fired the first shot of armed resistance against the reactionary rule of the Kuomintang was ( )

A. Wuchang Uprising B. Nanchang Uprising

C. Autumn Harvest Uprising D. Jinggangshan Reunion

2. The most important significance of armed struggles such as the Nanchang Uprising and the Autumn Harvest Uprising lies in ( )

A. The first shot was fired in the armed resistance to the reactionary rule of the Kuomintang

B. Established the general policy for carrying out the agrarian revolution

C. The CCP began to independently lead the revolutionary war

D. Established the Party’s absolute leadership over the military

3. Many places are called revolutionary holy places because they are related to major revolutionary historical events. Which of the following corresponds correctly ( )

A. Ruijin - the main force of the Red Army

B． Nanchang - the establishment of the red regime

C． Zunyi - the starting point of the Red Army's Long March

D． Jinggangshan—the creation of a red base

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Update Time: 2024-07-02

This template belongs to History courseware Yuelu Edition Eighth Grade History Volume 1 industry PPT template

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