"Changes in Social Life" Revolution of 1911 and the Creation of the Republic of China PPT courseware

Description

"Changes in Social Life" Revolution of 1911 and the Creation of the Republic of China PPT courseware

Situation import

What serious consequences did the signing of the Treaty of Nanjing bring to China during the First Opium War? Do the great powers satisfy their vested interests?

China's long history has on the one hand formed its own unique national style, but at the same time it has also developed a bad style of being self-contained and arrogant. As one of the world's ancient civilizations, China's history stumbled forward to the Qing Dynasty. The situation was very different. The sound of a cannon in the Opium War opened the door of the closed-door Celestial Empire. Various kinds of All kinds of Western-style gadgets are pouring into this ancient land of the East. People's daily life has moved from tradition to openness. The most obvious change is that people have completely changed their basic necessities, food, housing, transportation, and leisure and entertainment.

new lifestyles and customs

background:

The spread of Western learning to the east since the Opium War has greatly changed the Chinese people's lifestyle and social customs.

At the turn of the century, especially during the Revolution of 1911, changing clothes and cutting hair and braids became social trends.

Yi Clothing

The "Uniform System" promulgated in the early Republic of China stipulated that officials regardless of rank should wear Western-style trousers and tailcoats as their formal attire, which was a complete negation of the feudal hierarchical dress system.

Sun Yat-sen also put forward "suitable for hygiene, convenient for movement, suitable for economy, and strong for viewing" as the guiding ideology for improving clothing.

The establishment of democracy has inspired people's yearning for Western democratic societies. People are obsessed with the ideas of freedom, equality, and natural human rights. They believe that the lifestyle established by this idea represents the direction of society, and dresses are a symbol of civilization.

The popularity of western clothes in China did not replace Chinese clothing, but promoted the improvement of Chinese clothing. The emergence of Chinese tunic is the product of the combination of Chinese and Western styles.

do you know?

In the 1930s, the shape of the Mao suit was given the meaning of revolution and founding of the country: the four pockets on the front represent etiquette, righteousness, integrity, and shame; the cover of the pocket is in the shape of an inverted pen stand, which means governing the country with culture; the buttons on the front were changed to five , implying the separation of five powers of the Kuomintang, which is different from the separation of three powers in Western countries; the three buttons on the cuffs represent the Three People's Principles; the collar is a closed vertical collar. It expresses the concept of "examining myself three times" and rigorously managing the body.

Change etiquette, change names

In 1912, on August 17 of the same year, the government of the Republic of China promulgated the "System of Etiquette", which established the legal status of the new etiquette in the form of law.

Bowing and using the titles "Sir" and "Jun" reflect the equal relationship between people in modern society. In short, new etiquette and customs such as hat removal, bowing, shaking hands, and applause have gradually become common "civilized rituals" and "civilized etiquette" in China, reflecting the progressive trend of social etiquette.

Introduction of Western food

In the earliest times, the Chinese divided Western food into three categories: large meals, side dishes, and side dishes. In the early days, Tianjin's Qishilin Restaurant was very famous. The main dishes were for snacks.

Fancai means Western food. The earliest Western restaurant in China is called Fancai Restaurant.

According to the Western food etiquette recorded in "Qing Bai Lei Chao", the Chinese people's acceptance of Western food broke the traditional Confucian hierarchy and the hierarchy of agricultural society.

There are detailed records in "Qing Bai Lei Chao": the mat is equipped with knives, forks and ladles, but no chopsticks.

"Qing Bai Lei Chao" records Western dining etiquette: Do not make eating utensils touch each other and make noise, do not chew and make noise, and do not pick your teeth.

Summary

Characteristics of clothing: Chinese and Western styles, traditional and modern clothing coexist, a combination of Chinese and Western styles, neither earthy nor foreign;

Men's clothing: robes, jackets, suits, Chinese tunic suits;

Women's clothing: cheongsam (new style and old style), long skirt, a double-breasted jacket on the upper body, and a white silk scarf pinned to the armpits; a big bun with eyebrow-length hair;

Food: Western food was introduced after the Opium War in 1840.

Vibrant mass media

Mass media such as news and publishing, movies, and radio have flourished in modern times, enriching people's sources of information, knowledge, and spiritual and cultural life.

Shenbao, which was born in 1872, had a great influence at that time. The newspaper is rich in content, including news, reviews, and advertisements for goods and services. From newspapers, people can get a lot of information about social life, domestic and international.

The development of new education

The establishment of new schools in the late Qing Dynasty broke the situation where Confucianism dominated the world and monopolized education. It not only promoted the spread of Western science and technology and culture, but also impacted the imperial examination system.

"The Constitution of the School":

In 1903, the Qing government promulgated the "Zouding School Regulations", which is often called the "Guimao School System". This academic system follows the Japanese education model and divides the entire education into three levels: elementary school, upper school, and upper school.

Comments on the Qing government's drafting of the "Regulations of the School":

The "Zuoding School Charter" is China's first statutory academic system that is systematic and complete and has been implemented. It complies with the requirements of China's educational modernization and is progressive.

However, it was formulated under the guiding ideology of "Chinese learning as the body and Western learning as the application", so it has a strong feudal flavor. For example, the classics has the most class hours, and the students' learning purpose is still based on becoming an official. This is its purpose limitation.

Homework

1. The first ship built in China was the "Huanghu" ship

2. The first officially operational railway in China is ( )

ASonghu Railway BBeijing-Zhangjiakou Railway

C Beijing-Kowloon Railway D Beijing-Guangzhou Railway

3. The first silent film shot in my country was "Dingjun Mountain"

4. The Commercial Press is the oldest and largest cultural publishing institution in modern China.

5. The first sound film shot in my country was ( )

A "Dingjun Mountain" B "Yuguang Song"

C "Song Girl Red Peony" D "Myth"

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Update Time: 2024-10-06

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