《Sodium oxide and sodium peroxide》Sodium and its compounds PPT

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《Sodium oxide and sodium peroxide》Sodium and its compounds PPT

Part 1: Essential knowledge and foundation of literacy

1. Properties of sodium oxide

1.Physical properties

Color:_____;Condition:___________.

2. Chemical properties

Write the chemical equation represented by the serial number:

①_______________.

②_______________.

③_______________.

[Think about it] What happens when sodium oxide is put into a phenolphthalein solution? What is the reason?

Tip: Turn red. Sodium oxide reacts with water to form sodium hydroxide, which turns phenolphthalein red.

2. Properties and uses of sodium peroxide

1.Physical properties

Sodium peroxide is a _____ colored solid.

2. Chemical properties

(1)Reacts with water

(2) Reaction with carbon dioxide (chemical equation):

____________________________.

【Micro thinking】

(1) Is sodium peroxide an alkaline oxide? Why?

Hint: No. When alkaline oxides react with acids, only salt and water are formed, while O2 is also produced when Na2O2 reacts with acids.

(2) There is a packet of light yellow powder, how to verify that it is sodium peroxide?

Tip: You can use sodium peroxide to easily react with water to generate oxygen for verification. Take a small amount of powder, add a small amount of distilled water dropwise, and observe if there is any gas that can re-ignite the wooden strips with sparks, it is sodium peroxide.

3.Use

(1) Oxygen supply agent: can be used in breathing masks or submarines as a source of oxygen.

(2) Strong oxidizing agent.

Sodium oxide and sodium peroxide PPT, part 2 content: Key capabilities·Quality formation

Knowledge point 1: Comparison of the properties of sodium oxide and sodium peroxide

[Key points to clarify doubts]

[Error-prone reminder]

(1) In the reaction of Na2O2 with H2O and CO2, Na2O2 is both an oxidant and a reducing agent.

(2) The number ratio of anions and cations in Na2O2 is 1:2 instead of 1:1.

【Think·Discussion】

(1) When sodium metal catches fire, can H2O or CO2 be used to extinguish the fire? Why?

Tip: No. Sodium generates Na2O2 on fire. Na2O2 reacts with H2O and CO2 to produce O2 to support combustion. Sand and other substances that do not react with it should be used to extinguish the fire.

(2) How to determine whether the gas produced by the reaction of Na2O2 and H2O is hydrogen or oxygen?

Tip: Use the drainage method to collect the gas obtained from the reaction of Na2O2 and H2O, and then test it using the method of testing two gases. If it is H2, it will burn when ignited, and a popping sound will be heard; if it is O2, it can rekindle the wood strips with sparks.

【Case Demonstration】

[Typical example] The correct one of the following for Na2O and Na2O2 is ()

A.Na2O2 and Na2O are both sodium oxides and alkaline oxides.

B.Na2O and Na2O2 are white solids that are easily soluble in water (react with water)

C.Na2O2 is both an oxidant and a reducing agent in the reaction with CO2

D. Both Na2O2 and Na2O can be used as oxygen supply agents

[Problem-solving guide] To answer this question, you need to pay attention to the following two aspects:

(1) Definition of basic oxide.

(2) The particularity of the valence of oxygen in sodium peroxide.

[Analysis] Choose C. When Na2O2 reacts with water, in addition to generating alkali, O2 is also generated, so Na2O2 is not an alkaline oxide, so item A is wrong; Na2O2 is a light yellow solid, so item B is wrong; when Na2O2 reacts with CO2 and H2O, CO2, H2O is neither an oxidizing agent nor a reducing agent, and Na2O2 acts as both an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent, so item C is correct; no oxygen is produced during the Na2O reaction, so it cannot be used as an oxygen supplier, so item D is wrong.

Knowledge Point 2 Four major angles of inquiry into the reaction of Na2O2 with CO2 and H2O

[Key points to clarify doubts]

1. Reaction principle

2Na2O2+2CO2====2Na2CO3+O2 Ⅰ

2Na2O2+2H2O====4NaOH+O2↑ Ⅱ

2. Four angles of inquiry

(1) Number of molecules and angle

Whether it is a single substance of CO2 or H2O or a mixture of the two, when a sufficient amount of Na2O2 is passed through, the ratio of the number of O2 generated to the number of CO2 or H2O is 1:2.

(2)Electron transfer angle

When Na2O2 reacts with CO2 and H2O, each time 1 O2 is generated, 2 electrons are transferred. In the reaction, Na2O2 is both an oxidant and a reducing agent, and CO2 and H2O are neither oxidants nor reducing agents.

(3)Angle of mass change

Analyzing the chemical equations of reactions I and II, the following relationships can be obtained:

Na2O2 Na2CO3 (composition equivalent to Na2O2·CO)

Na2O2 2NaOH (composition equivalent to Na2O2·H2).

① When reaction I occurs, the increased mass of the solid is equal to the mass of CO equal to CO2.

② When reaction II occurs, the increased mass of the solid is equal to the mass of H2 equal to the number of H2O.

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For more information about the PPT courseware "Sodium and Its Compounds Sodium Oxide and Sodium Peroxide", please click the Sodium and Its Compounds ppt sodium oxide and sodium peroxide ppt tag.

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Update Time: 2024-07-30

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