"Colonial Expansion and National Liberation Movement" The wave of industrial civilization sweeping the world PPT courseware

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"Colonial Expansion and National Liberation Movement" The wave of industrial civilization sweeping the world PPT courseware

Part One: The colonial expansion process of Western countries

15th-16th centuries, Portugal and Spain

17th century, Britain, Netherlands, France

15th-16th centuries, Portugal and Spain

17th century, Britain, Netherlands, France

In the 17th and 18th centuries, Britain successively defeated Spain, the Netherlands, and France.

In the second half of the 18th century, Britain had become the most powerful colonial power in the world, establishing colonies on all continents, and was known as the "Empire on which the Sun Never Sets."

Colonial Expansion and National Liberation Movement PPT, Part 2: Colonial Expansion in America

1. Who first discovered the New World of America?

2. What is the reason for the name America?

3. Who are the Native Americans and what race do they belong to?

4. What civilization did they create?

5. Why are they now a minority in their country?

Colonial Expansion and National Liberation Movement PPT, Part Three: Colonial Expansion in Africa

The evil "triangular trade" (please refer to page p60 of the atlas)

1. Why did Europeans engage in triangular trade?

2. What do Europeans take with them when they travel? Where did the black slaves come from?

3. Where were black slaves trafficked? What did Europeans bring back when they returned?

4. Summarize the impact of the evil "triangular trade" from three perspectives: Africa, Europe, and the Americas?

"Triangular Trade"

1. Background (reason) P75

(1) The barbaric massacre of Indians by European colonists caused a shortage of labor in the Americas and was unable to meet the plantation owners' demand for labor.

(2) Europeans saw that it was profitable to transport black people from Africa to the Americas and joined the slave trade one after another.

2. Route P75

(1) Departure: Slave traders set out from Europe and took ships to Africa, where they captured black people through various despicable methods.

(2) Mid-range: Transport black slaves to North and South America and sell them to planters in North and South America.

(3) Return: Slave traders transported gold, silver and industrial raw materials from the Americas back to Europe.

3. Influence

Summarize the impact of the evil "triangular trade" from three perspectives: Africa, Europe, and the Americas? P76

For Africa: The slave trade for more than three hundred years has caused Africa to lose nearly 100 million strong labor force, leading to long-term poverty in Africa.

For Europe: The black slave trade made European slave traders very rich. They invested the bloody money they earned in industry and commerce, promoting the development of local industry and commerce.

For the Americas: It enabled American plantation owners to obtain cheap labor and promoted the development of the American plantation economy.

Colonial expansion and national liberation movements PPT, Part 4: Independence movements in Latin America

1. Reason:

① Brutal colonial rule and economic plunder.

② Influenced by the European Enlightenment, the American War of Independence and the French Revolution.

2. Time: late 18th century and early 19th century.

3. Leaders: Bolivar, San Martin, etc.

4. Prologue: In 1804, Haiti’s independence kicked off the Latin American independence movement.

5. Result: By the time Brazil became independent in 1822, almost all of Latin America had gained independence, except for a few areas such as Cuba.

Colonial Expansion and National Liberation Movement PPT, Part 5: Asia—British Colonial Expansion in India

British colonial expansion in India

①In the 17th century, the East India Company was responsible for establishing British trade strongholds in India.

②Beginning in the mid-18th century, Britain began to launch a war of aggression against India, gradually encroaching on Indian land and plundering wealth.

③By the mid-19th century, Britain had occupied most of India.

The East India Company was essentially a political institution of British colonial aggression.

Clive

In 1760, he returned to England, and in 1773 the British Parliament declared him a high honor for "making great contributions to the country."

Colonial Expansion and National Liberation Movement PPT, Part Six: Consolidation and Improvement

Comprehensive understanding of colonial expansion

(1) For Western Europe: Colonial expansion promoted the development of capitalism in Western Europe. The United Kingdom and other countries carried out colonial aggression, plundered local wealth, and traded slaves, which became one of the main sources of primitive accumulation of capital in Europe and consolidated the dominance of the bourgeoisie.

(2) Colonies: They were wildly plundered by Western countries and reduced to colonies or semi-colonies, causing these countries to remain poor and backward for a long time. Along with the Western colonial aggression, it also brought Western advanced production technology and production methods as well as new ideas and concepts, which objectively promoted the process of industrial civilization in Asian, African and Latin American countries.

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Update Time: 2024-10-03

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