"Solubility" Solution PPT Courseware 9

Description

"Solubility" Solution PPT Courseware 9

1. Solubility

The ability of one substance to dissolve in another.

Influencing factors:

1. Related to the properties of the solute

2. Related to temperature

3. Related to the properties of the solution

2. Saturated solution and unsaturated solution

1.Definition

2. Mutual transformation

3. How to determine whether it is a saturated solution?

3. Solubility

1. Definition: At a certain temperature, the mass of a solid substance dissolved when it reaches saturation in 100% solvent is represented by the symbol S.

Condition: at a certain temperature

Standard: in 100 grams of solvent

Status: reaching saturation state

Unit: Gram

Consolidate in time

1. Decide whether the following statements are correct or not

(1) At 20ºC, 23 grams of potassium chloride is dissolved in water to obtain 100 grams of saturated solution. The solubility of potassium chloride at 20ºC is 23 grams.

(2) At 20ºC, 23 grams of potassium chloride is dissolved in 100 grams of water, then the solubility of the substance at 20ºC is 23 grams.

(3) When 36 grams of NaCl are dissolved in 100 grams of water, the solubility of sodium chloride is 36 grams.

(4) At 20ºC, a maximum of 36 grams of NaCl can be dissolved in 100 grams of water, so the solubility of sodium chloride is 36

2. Expression of solubility:

(1) List method (table method):

Solubility of potassium nitrate at different temperatures:

(2) Solubility curve

1: Solubility (point) of a certain substance at a certain temperature

2: The intersection of the curves represents the solubility of the two substances at that temperature (the same)

3: The steeper the curve, the greater the solubility of the substance is affected by temperature.

The law of change of solubility with temperature

1: The solubility of most solid substances increases with temperature.

2: The solubility of a few solid substances is less affected by temperature, such as NaCl

3: The solubility of very few substances decreases with increasing temperature, such as Ca(OH)2

1. What method is used to turn saturated limewater into an unsaturated solution?

2. What method is used to turn nearly saturated limewater into a saturated solution?

3. The maximum solute mass fraction of calcium hydroxide solution ( )

A30 ºC calcium hydroxide saturated solution

B30 ºC Calcium Hydroxide Unsaturated Solution

C90 ºC calcium hydroxide saturated solution

D90 ºC Calcium Hydroxide Unsaturated Solution

4. Give reasons for judging right or wrong

(1) A saturated solution will definitely become an unsaturated solution after the temperature is raised.

(2) After cooling a certain saturated solution, crystals must be washed out

(3) A saturated solution of a certain substance must continue to dissolve the substance when the temperature rises

(4) The solute mass fraction of the unsaturated solution must be in the saturated solution.

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Update Time: 2024-10-31

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