"Three Poems by Du Fu" PPT courseware 3

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"Three Poems by Du Fu" PPT courseware 3

Du Fu (712-770), courtesy name Zimei, was born in Xiangyang (now Hubei). He was the grandson of the famous poet Du Shenyi, but he had no chance of becoming an official. Because he once lived in Shaoling in the south of Chang'an City, he called himself Shaoling Yelao, and was known as Du Shaoling in the world. Zimei lived in the historical period of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline. His poems mostly dealt with social unrest, political darkness, and people's suffering, and he was known as " "History of Poetry". He was concerned about the country and the people, had a noble personality and superb poetic skills, and was regarded as the "Sage of Poetry".

Du Fu was a great realist poet in the Tang Dynasty. He has 1,400 extant poems. These poems truly and profoundly reflect various social phenomena in the transition process of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline, showing a broad picture of life and becoming a symbol of Tang Dynasty society. History has always been called "the history of poetry". Representative works: "Song of Thatched Cottage Broken by the Autumn Wind", "Looking at Spring", "Hearing that the Official Army Takes Henan and Hebei" and "Three Officials" and "Three Farewells".

"Three Officials":

"Xin'an Officials", "Tongguan Officials" and "Shihao Officials"

"Three Farewells":

"Farewell to the Married", "Farewell to the Elderly" and "Farewell to the Homeless"

Overall grasp

1. Each couplet in "Wang Yue" has the meaning of "looking", but the angle of "looking" is different. Try to explain this in detail.

The first line looks far away, the second line looks close,

The third line looks carefully, the fourth line looks extremely.

2. Clarify the meaning of the text

Wangyue

Du Fu

How about Dai Zongfu? Qilu is still young.

The clock of creation is beautiful, and the yin and yang cut off the dawn.

Zeng Yun is born in the chest, and the returning bird enters the canthus.

You will be at the top of the mountain, and you will have a panoramic view of the mountains.

collaborative inquiry

1. Contrast is often used in poetry, that is, the rightness of one thing is used to contrast the wrongness of another thing. Du Fu's "Spring Hope" uses this technique in the first two sentences. Let's try to make a brief analysis.

"Country" refers to the capital city, Chang'an - the political, economic and cultural center, and its prosperity can be imagined. However, in Chang'an currently, only mountains and rivers exist. Doesn't this mean that the prosperous capital city in the past has been completely destroyed by the rebels, and all that is left are mountains and rivers? Spring is here, and the city is full of "deep grass and trees" , doesn’t it mean that sparsely populated areas allow overgrown vegetation?

2. The two sentences "The flowers splash with tears when feeling the time, and the birds are frightened when they hate farewell." The textbook annotation is: feeling sentimental about state affairs, I can't help crying when I see the beautiful flowers; I am sad to say goodbye, and I am afraid when I hear the melodious birdsong. Another common explanation is that this is an anthropomorphic way of writing, which means that due to the war, the capital city is in ruins, as if the flowers are crying because of lamenting the current events, and the birds are frightened by the separation in the world. Although there are differences between the two interpretations, they are similar in spirit. Feel the author's feelings and share your understanding.

There is no essential difference between the two explanations, one is to evoke emotions by touching the scene, and the other is to empathize with things.

think about it

What are the actions of the old man and the old woman here?

What two words does the whole article revolve around?

theme

This poem is a narrative poem describing the sufferings of the people.

The whole poem uses the poet's experience, details the old woman's painful complaints, depicts the heavy disasters caused by the war to the people, exposes the brutality of officials, reveals the author's worries about the current situation, and his deep sympathy for the working people.

Expansion exercises

In our country's classical poetry, it is not uncommon to find examples of questions hidden in answers and questions revealed through answers. For example, Jia Dao's "The One Who Seeks Hermit Is Not Encountered":

Matsushita asked the boy, saying that the teacher was going to collect medicine.

Only in this mountain, I don’t know where the clouds are.

Expand and extend

1. What are the differences in content and style among these three poems?

The first two poems are lyric poems, and the latter one is a narrative poem. "Wang Yue" and "Shi Hao Li" are ancient style poems, and "Spring Look" is a rhythmic poem of modern style poetry.

2. From studying these three poems, have you felt the development and changes of Du Fu’s thought and poetic style?

These three poems are the poet's works in different periods, with different themes, backgrounds and styles. "Looking at the Mountains" expresses the poet's love for the mountains and rivers of the motherland and his lofty ambition, with warm and unrestrained emotions. "Spring Hope" describes the poet's experience of war, witnessing the ruin of the country, and feeling the pain of leaving his hometown. It expresses his thoughts and feelings of worrying about his country and missing his family and mourning for himself. "Shi Hao Li" was also written during the war, but people showed deep sympathy in the face of the pain caused by the war to the people. The last two poems are full of melancholy and anger, reflecting Du Fu's "depressed and frustrated" poetic style.

The poet's thoughts gradually moved from ideals to reality, from caring for his family and himself to paying attention to the country and the people.

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For more information about the PPT courseware "Looking at the Mountains in Spring, Three Poems by Du Fu, and Officials in Stone Hauls", please click the PPT courseware "Looking at the Mountains in Spring, Three Poems by Du Fu, and Officials in Stone Hauls".

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Update Time: 2024-06-03

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