"Development and Changes of Major Capitalist Countries" PPT Courseware for the Contemporary World of Diversified Development

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"Development and Changes of Major Capitalist Countries" PPT Courseware for the Contemporary World of Diversified Development

review:

The time and signs of the outbreak of World War II

In September 1939, Germany raided Poland, and Britain and France declared war on Germany.

nature of world war ii

Just war against fascism

results of world war ii

Germany surrendered in May 1945 and Japan unconditionally surrendered in August 1945. The people of the world achieved complete victory in the anti-fascist war.

【Content standards】

(1) Summarize the main characteristics of the post-war American economic development.

(2) Know the European Union.

(3) Briefly describe the main historical facts that made Japan become a capitalist economic power after the war.

1. U.S. Economic Development and Evolution

Material: In the early post-war period, the industrial output of the United States accounted for more than half of the entire capitalist world, and its gold reserves reached three-quarters. …In the 1950s and 1960s, more than half of the world’s scientific inventions came from the United States. At the same time, the government has also taken measures to improve people's lives...

What happened in the United States in the 1950s and 1960s?

Why does this happen?

(1) Background:

1. World War II → the world’s most powerful country;

2. The successful experience of Roosevelt’s New Deal (state intervention in the economy)

3. Promotion of the third scientific and technological revolution

(2) Overview

1950s and 1960s: the "golden age" of rapid economic growth;

1970s-early 1980s: "stagflation" in which production stagnation and inflation coexisted;

1980s-1990s: Economic "Renaissance".

(3) Changes

1. Industrial structure: The proportion of the agricultural sector decreases, while the proportion of the service sector increases.

2. Enterprise development: ① The third merger (hybrid merger), developing in the direction of business diversification; ② There is a situation where production concentration and decentralization coexist.

3. Foreign trade: rapid development of multinational companies

2. European Union

Why did countries embark on the path of unity and self-strength after the war?

How did they come to join forces?

1. Economic alliance:

"European Coal and Steel Community" (six countries in 1951);

The "European Economic Community" and the "European Atomic Energy Community" were established (1958)

The three institutions merged to form the "European Community" (1967)

2. Political and economic alliance:

European Economic and Political Union, referred to as the EU (12 countries in 1993)

3. In 1999, the European single currency Euro was officially launched.

3. Japan becomes an economic power

Material 1: After World War II, the United States carried out social reforms and promoted democratic reforms in Japan.

Material 2: In the 1950s and 1960s, the Korean War and the Vietnam War launched by the United States in Asia used Japan as the military supply base, and Japan made a lot of money from the war.

(1) Background

(1) Politically: The United States promotes democratic reforms in Japan and weakens the remnants of Japanese militarism and feudalism;

(2) Economically: Actively support Japan’s economic development and fight against the socialist camp.

Material 3: P95’s “Average Annual Growth Rate of Production” table

Material 4: In 1970, Japan's GDP reached 204.2 billion US dollars (second only to the United States), and Japan's proportion in the world's GDP and world trade were both about 6%.

(2) Overview: In the mid-to-late 2050s, Japan entered a period of sustained rapid growth. In the 1980s, Japan's gross national product (GDP) ranked second in the world, second only to the United States.

(3) Reasons

(1) External factors: ① The rise of the post-war scientific and technological revolution ② Democratic transformation promoted by the United States, ③ The United States’ support for Japan in the context of the Cold War

(2) Internal conditions: the efforts of the Japanese government and people themselves.

① Pay attention to the development of education and vigorously cultivate all kinds of talents;

Building a nation through education:

A. The total post-war education expenditure ranks first among capitalist countries;

B. Continuously adjust the focus of education;

C. Provide vocational and technical education to employees

② Pay attention to science and technology;

Building a nation through technology: introducing advanced foreign technologies and reforming and innovating them

③ Actively explore international markets;

Build a nation through trade

④ Promote high accumulation and high investment policies in the long term.

1. After World War II, Western countries, including the United States, generally: ① strengthen government intervention ② implement free competition ③ implement deficit finance ④ expand social welfare

A. ①②④ B. ①③④

C. ②③④ D. ①②③

2. The founding members of the European Coal and Steel Pool do not include:

A. France B. United Kingdom

C. Luxembourg D. Federal Republic of Germany

3. After World War II, the first step towards European unity was

A. Start with economic union B. Start with political union

C. Start with military alliance D. Start with cultural alliance

4. From the 1950s to the 1970s, Japan invested more than 20% of its entire fiscal budget in the field of education every year. This shows that the main reason for Japan's rapid economic development after World War II is

A. Develop human resources and cultivate high-quality talents

B. Promote demilitarization policy

C. Focus on the development of steel, automobile, and electrical appliance production

D. Receive strong support from the United States

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Update Time: 2024-10-05

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