"Scientific and technological achievements and the prosperity of popular literature and art" Economic and cultural development and China on the eve of modern times PPT courseware 3

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"Scientific and technological achievements and the prosperity of popular literature and art" Economic and cultural development and China on the eve of modern times PPT courseware 3

1. Construction of Beijing City and the Great Wall

1. A masterpiece of world urban architectural art: Beijing City

2. One of the great projects in the world: the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty

2. Great achievements in practical science and technology

1. Li Shizhen’s "Compendium of Materia Medica"

2. Xu Guangqi's "Agricultural Policy Complete Book"

3. "Tiangong Kaiwu" by Song Yingxing

3. The prosperity of popular literature and art

1. The pinnacle of Chinese classical novels: "A Dream of Red Mansions"

2. The essence of Chinese opera art: Peking Opera

The city of Beijing has a central axis running through the north and south. The streets and important buildings on both sides are symmetrical. The palace where the emperor lived and handled political affairs is located in the center of the city.

One of the architectural features of Beijing: following etiquette and strict layout

The second architectural feature of Beijing: the palaces are majestic and magnificent

The third architectural feature of Beijing: urban architecture embodies the supremacy of imperial power

Shanhaiguan is located in the northeast of Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province. It is a must-pass pass for transportation between North China and Northeast China. In the 14th year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1381), general Xu Da built the Great Wall, built a pass, and set up a garrison here. Guancheng relies on the verdant Yanshan Mountains to the north and the rough Bohai Bay to the south, hence its name. There are four gates in Guancheng, the east gate is the most spectacular, with a plaque "The First Gate in the World" hanging inside.

Jiayuguan is located in the southwest corner of Jiayuguan Town on the Gobi Desert in Gansu Province. It is the western terminus of the Great Wall. It was first built in 1372 (the fifth year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty), but piers and platforms had been built as early as the Han and Sui dynasties. Due to the dangerous terrain and majestic architecture, it has been known as the "Xiong Pass in the World" since ancient times and is the first important pass guarding the Hexi Corridor. , is also a necessary place on the ancient Silk Road.

Li Shizhen and "Compendium of Materia Medica"

Li Shizhen was an outstanding medical scientist in the Ming Dynasty. He was born in a medical family. He went to the mountains with his father to collect medicines since he was a child. He developed a strong interest in medicine and devoted himself to the study of medicine. After 27 years of hard work, he collected drug specimens and folk prescriptions, personally experimented with medicinal materials, read a large number of medical books, and finally wrote the book "Compendium of Materia Medica".

"Compendium of Materia Medica" has more than 1.9 million words, including 1,892 kinds of drugs, more than 370 new drugs, more than 11,000 prescriptions, and more than 1,100 illustrations, recording the complex forms and effects of various drugs.

Xu Guangqi and "The Complete Book of Agricultural Affairs"

Xu Guangqi, courtesy name Zixian, was a native of Shanghai. He was a Jinshi of the Ming Dynasty, the Minister of the Ministry of Rites, and a Bachelor of Wenyuan Pavilion. He advocated the idea of ​​managing the world for practical purposes, compiled the "Encyclopedia of Agricultural Administration", conducted in-depth research on astronomy, calendars, and water conservancy, and co-translated "Elements of Geometry", "Measurement of Measurement", "Taiwan Water Law" and other science and technology with foreign scientists. book.

"The Complete Book of Agricultural Affairs" has a total of 60 volumes and about 500,000 words. It describes ancient Chinese agricultural theories and methods of crop planting and making agricultural tools. It discusses the importance of reclamation, water conservancy, famine preparation and disaster relief, and also introduces European water conservancy methods.

The four major professions of Peking Opera: life

Sheng is a profession of playing male roles, which includes several categories such as Laosheng, Xiaosheng, Wusheng, Hongsheng, and Wansheng.

The four major roles of Peking Opera: Dan

The general term for female roles in Peking Opera, the ones who play ladies and high-status women are called "Zhengdan", there are also "Wudan" and "Daomadan", which are equivalent to the martial arts students in life, and they play the roles of young and middle-aged women who are good at martial arts.

The Four Major Skills of Peking Opera: Jing

In Peking Opera, Jiao is a type of character with a unique style on the stage, with the most colorful facial makeup, commonly known as "big painted face". Generally, men who play the role of men with distinctive appearance or character are mostly generals, deified figures or people with a certain social status. Although they are divided into civil and military good and evil, their character and temperament are almost rough, majestic and heroic.

Consolidation exercises

1. In _______, the city of Beijing was built on the basis of ________. The _________ in the center of the city is where the emperor lives.

2. The Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty starts from __________ in the east and ends at __________ in the west. It winds for ________ kilometers and is majestic. It is an unprecedented and great project in human history.

3._______ is the most representative drama in our country and is known as the "quintessence of the country".

4. Historical figures and literary and artistic achievements

Li Shizhen "A Dream of Red Mansions" Encyclopedia of Chinese Crafts in the 17th Century

Xu Guangqi "Tiangong Kaiwu" Encyclopedia of Ancient Chinese Agriculture

Song Yingxing's "The Complete Book of Agricultural Affairs" The Great Classic of Oriental Pharmacy

Cao Xueqin's "Compendium of Materia Medica", the highest achievement of Ming and Qing novels

5. The Ming and Qing Dynasties were a period when popular literature such as novels and operas flourished, and immortal artistic works such as "A Dream of Red Mansions" appeared. What factors promote the prosperity and development of popular literature? ( )

①The development of commodity economy and the rise of industrial and commercial towns

②The citizen class expands and the demand for popular literature is strong

③The rulers attach great importance to cultural development and encourage ideological innovation

④The improvement and development of printing technology

A. ①③④ B. ①②④ C. ①②③ D． ①②③④

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"Scientific and technological achievements and the prosperity of popular literature and art" Economic and cultural development and China on the eve of modern times PPT courseware 2:

"Scientific and technological achievements and the prosperity of popular literature and art" Economic and cultural development and China on the eve of modern times PPT courseware 2 1. The construction of Beijing City and the Great Wall 1. Beijing City (1) Ming Dynasty Chengzu moved the capital to Beijing and expanded Beijing City on the basis of the Yuan Dynasty (2) Beijing city consists of the palace city and the imperial city..

"Scientific and technological achievements and the prosperity of popular literature and art" Economic and cultural development and China on the eve of modern times PPT courseware:

"Scientific and technological achievements and the prosperity of popular literature and art" Economic and cultural development and China on the eve of modern times PPT courseware Learning objectives 1. Understand the construction of the Great Wall and the construction of Beijing City in the Ming Dynasty, and appreciate the great cohesion and creativity of the Chinese nation. 2. Understand the outstanding scientific and technological masterpieces of the Ming Dynasty..

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Update Time: 2024-10-02

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