"Representation of Solution Concentration" Solution PPT Courseware 2

Description

"Representation of Solution Concentration" Solution PPT Courseware 2

learning target

1. Understand the relationship between the color depth of colored solutions and the concentration of the solution, and be able to perform simple calculations of solute mass fraction;

2. Master the operating steps and methods of preparing a solution with a certain mass fraction.

1. The concentration of the solution

Is it thick or thin?

How to express the mass of solute in a solution?

How to determine the concentration of colored solutions? Can the depth of color be used to judge the thickness (concentration) of a solution?

The concentration of a solution can be determined by its color, but this is less accurate.

2. Simple calculation of solute mass fraction

1. To prepare 80kg of 15% sodium chloride solution, how many kilograms of sodium chloride and water are needed?

Solution: The mass of NaCl contained in 80kg of 15% sodium chloride solution is:

80kg×15%=12kg

The mass of water required is: 80kg-12kg= 68kg

Answer: To prepare 80kg of 15% sodium chloride solution, 12kg of sodium chloride and 68kg of water are required.

2. To prepare 460g of 28% sulfuric acid solution for lead-acid batteries, what is the volume of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid required? (It is known that the density of concentrated sulfuric acid is 1.84g/cm3.)

Solution: Let the mass of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid required be x

460g×28% = x×98%

x = 131.4g

The volume of these concentrated sulfuric acids is

Volume (V) = mass (m)/density (ρ) = 131.4g/1.84g/cm3 = 71.4cm3

Answer: To prepare 460g of 28% sulfuric acid solution, 71.4 cm3 of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid is required

3. Prepare a solution with a certain solute mass fraction

Experiment 7-8: Prepare 50g of sodium chloride solution with a mass fraction of 5%

1. Calculation: The masses of sodium chloride and water required to prepare 50g of sodium chloride solution with a mass fraction of 5% are: _____g of sodium chloride; _____g of water.

2. Weigh: Use a tray balance to weigh the required sodium chloride and put it into a beaker.

3. Measure: Use a graduated cylinder to measure the required water and pour it into the beaker containing sodium chloride.

4. Dissolve: Stir with a glass rod to dissolve the sodium chloride.

5. Bottle and label.

Classic examples

Knowledge point 1: Concentration of solution

Put 12g of a certain solid into 90g of water and fully dissolve it and then filter it. If 2g of the solid is filtered out, the solute mass fraction of the filtrate is ()

A.10%

B.11.7%

C.12%

D.13.3%

Knowledge point 2: Simple calculation of solute mass fraction

There is 100g of 10% sodium hydroxide solution. If you want to increase the solute mass fraction to 20%, the measures that can be taken are ( )

A. Evaporate 45g of water

B. Evaporate 50g of water

C. Add 10g solid NaOH

D. Pour 100g of sodium hydroxide solution with the same concentration

Knowledge point 3: Prepare a solution with a certain solute mass fraction

When preparing 100g of 10% sodium chloride solution in the laboratory, the incorrect experimental operation is ( )

A. Use a pallet balance to weigh 10.0g sodium chloride

B. Use a graduated cylinder to measure 90.0mL of water

C. Pour the weighed sodium chloride into the measuring cylinder and dissolve it

D. Put the prepared solution into a reagent bottle and label it

Knowledge training

1. In agricultural production, salt water with a solute mass fraction of 10% to 20% is sometimes used for seed selection. To prepare 20kg of salt water with a solute mass fraction of 16%, the mass of salt required ( )

A.2.0kg B.3.2kg C.4.0kg D.32kg

2. Take 10 mL from 200 mL of 10% copper sulfate solution. The mass fraction of copper sulfate in the remaining solution should be ( )

A.5% B.10% C.19% D.9.5%

3. A classmate added 10 g of glucose to a glucose solution with a certain mass fraction of solute. After it was completely dissolved, 100 g of glucose solution with a mass fraction of 20% was obtained. The mass fraction of solute in the original glucose solution was approximately ( )

A.9% B.11% C.15% D.18%

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Update Time: 2024-10-03

This template belongs to Chemistry courseware Cantonese Education Edition Ninth Grade Chemistry Volume 2 industry PPT template

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