"Metal Minerals and Smelting" Metal PPT Courseware 4

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"Metal Minerals and Smelting" Metal PPT Courseware 4

1. Several metallic minerals

1. The existence form of metallic elements in nature

Free state (element exists in elemental form): a few very inactive metals such as gold, silver, and platinum

Combined state (elements exist in the form of compounds): Most metals exist in minerals in the form of compounds

2. Several common ores

Hematite (Fe2O3)

Magnetite (Fe3O4)

Ilmenite (FeTiO3)

Pyrite (FeS2)

Malachite (Cu2(OH)2CO3)

Cuprite (Cu2O)

Bauxite (Al2 O3)

The essence of metal smelting is the process of reducing metals from ores

2. How steel is made

Basic principles of ironmaking:

Use the reducing agent carbon monoxide to reduce the iron in iron oxide under high temperature conditions

Phenomenon:____________________

The explanation products are:

equation:_________________

Notice:

1. Pass carbon monoxide first to discharge the air in the pipe to prevent carbon monoxide and air from mixing and heating and exploding.

2. After the experiment, stop heating first, and continue to pour carbon monoxide until the glass tube cools down. (Prevent hot iron from being re-oxidized)

3. Burn the exhaust gas to prevent air pollution (or collect the exhaust gas with balloons)

Practical exercises

1. Write the chemical formulas of the main components of the following minerals.

Hematite___________, magnetite__________,

malachite_________________.

2. There are the following metal elements: magnesium, iron, potassium, aluminum, sodium,

The most abundant substance in the earth's crust is _____, and the second most abundant substance is ________.

3. Among the following substances (1) iron oxide (2) liquid oxygen (3) potassium chlorate (4) sulfuric acid (5) oxygen in cylinders, the oxygen element exists in the free state ___________, and the oxygen element exists in the combined state _ ________.

4. In the reaction of CuO+ CO=Cu+CO2, _____ takes away the oxygen in _______, causing it to undergo a reduction reaction, so ______ has reducing properties.

3. Pig iron and steel (iron alloys)

1. Smelting of pig iron

The function of limestone is to convert gangue (such as silica) in the ore into slag and remove it.

2. Smelting of steel

Raw material: pig iron

Principle: Oxygen is blown into the steelmaking furnace to reduce the carbon content in pig iron and remove sulfur and phosphorus impurities (oxidation)

Equipment: open hearth, electric furnace, converter

4. Common methods of smelting metals

1. Active metals (such as K Na Mg AI): electrolysis method

2. General metals (such as Zn Fe Sn Pb Cu): thermal reduction method

3. More stable metals (such as Hg Ag): direct heating method

4. Stable metals (such as Pt Au): can be obtained through gold sand panning

summary

1. There are a few very inactive metals such as gold, silver, and platinum, and there are minerals that exist in elemental form. Most metals exist in minerals in the form of compounds.

2. Reduction reaction, reducibility.

3. Iron-making and steel-making.

4. Common methods of smelting metals.

Operation

Read the content of this section of the textbook

Complete questions 1, 4, and 5 on pages 179-180 of the textbook.

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Update Time: 2024-10-03

This template belongs to Chemistry courseware Cantonese Education Edition Ninth Grade Chemistry Volume 2 industry PPT template

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