"Common Salt in Life" Salt Fertilizer PPT Courseware

Description

"Common Salt in Life" Salt Fertilizer PPT Courseware

learning target

1. Through data collection and experimental exploration, understand the types and uses of common salts in life.

2. Preliminarily learn the methods of purifying crude salt and identifying carbonate ions; be able to judge the type and occurrence conditions of metathesis reactions.

3. Fully realize that chemistry is everywhere in life and understand the outstanding contributions made by our country’s scientists, thereby stimulating patriotic enthusiasm and passion for learning.

Review the past and learn the new

1. Please write the ionization equation of the following substances.

Sodium chloride NaCl == Na+ + Cl-

Sodium carbonate Na2CO3 == 2 Na+ + CO3 2 - _

Copper sulfate CuSO4 == Cu2+ + SO4 2 -

Ammonium chloride NH4Cl == NH4+ + Cl-

1. Common salt

1. Sodium chloride

white crystals;

Coarse salt is easily deliquescent because it contains impurities such as MgCl2 and CaCl2;

It is edible, used as food preservative, and is an important chemical raw material.

discuss:

1. How is salt distributed in nature?

2. What are the physical properties and main uses of table salt?

3. Coarse salt is easy to deliquesce. Why?

use:

(1)Physiological activities (2)Condiments (3)Medical treatment

(4) Agriculture (5) Pickled goods (6) Snow removal

[Activities and Exploration] Refined Salt Purification

1. Discussion:

① Refined salt contains more soluble impurities (magnesium chloride, sodium chloride, etc.) and insoluble impurities (sand, etc.). What steps can be taken to prepare refined salt?

② What issues should be paid attention to during filter preparation and filtration operation?

2. Practice: preliminary purification of refined salt

① Dissolve

Use a tray balance to weigh 5.0g of coarse salt. Use a medicine spoon to gradually add the coarse salt to a beaker containing 10 mL of water. Stir with a glass rod while adding (what does it do?) until the coarse salt is no longer dissolved. Observe whether the resulting salt water is turbid.

Weigh the remaining coarse salt and calculate approximately how many grams of coarse salt are dissolved in 10 mL of water.

② Filter

③ Evaporation

Pour the clear filtrate obtained into an evaporating dish. As shown in the picture on the left, place the evaporating dish on the iron ring of the iron stand, heat it with an alcohol lamp, and at the same time stir the filtrate with a glass rod to prevent droplets from splashing. When more solids appear in the evaporating dish, stop heating. Use the residual heat from the evaporating dish to evaporate the filtrate to dryness.

①Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3)

Sodium carbonate, commonly known as soda ash and soda ash, is a white powdery substance that is easily soluble in water, and its aqueous solution is alkaline.

Sodium carbonate is often found in some salt lakes or alkaline soils in nature. Certain salt lakes in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of my country produce trona (commonly known as oral alkali).

Sodium carbonate is one of the important products in the chemical industry. It is widely used in glass, paper, textile, detergent and other industries.

②Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3)

Sodium bicarbonate, commonly known as baking soda, is a small white crystal that is easily soluble in water.

Sodium bicarbonate is one of the main ingredients of baking powder used in baking pastries. Medically, it is an agent for the treatment of hyperacidity.

③Calcium carbonate (CaCO3)

The main components of limestone and marble are calcium carbonate, and they are both important building materials. The Chinese watch in front of Tiananmen Square and many pillars in the Great Hall of the People are made of marble.

Limestone is also a commonly used stone in construction.

Calcium carbonate can also be used as a calcium supplement.

Summary: Chemical Properties

(1) Can react with acid to generate new salts and new acids

Na2CO3 + 2 HCl === 2NaCl + H2CO3

NaHCO3 + HCl === NaCl + H2CO3

(2) Can react with alkali to generate new salts and new bases

Na2CO3 + Ca(OH)2 === CaCO3 ↓+ 2 NaOH

(3) Can react with certain salts

Na2CO3+ CaCl2==CaCO3 ↓+ 2NaCl

After studying this topic you should know

1. Purification of coarse salt

2. Understanding of the properties of carbonates

3. Understanding the chemical properties of salt

4. Formation of the concept of metathesis reaction

5. Judgment of conditions for metathesis reaction to occur

Practice in class

(1)NaCl+Ba(OH)2

(2)K2CO3+CaCl2

(3)Cu+HCl

(4)Na2SO4+BaCl2

(5)BaSO4+Na2CO3

(6)Ba(OH)2+CuCl2

(7)Zn+CuSO4

(8) HCl+BaCO3

(9)H2SO4+Cu(OH)2

(10)AgNO3+KCl

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Update Time: 2024-07-11

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