"Common Salt in Life" Salt Fertilizer PPT Courseware 4

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"Common Salt in Life" Salt Fertilizer PPT Courseware 4

Topic 1 Common salt in daily life

Salt: A compound containing metal ions and acid ions.

Indicate which of the following substances are acids? Which are bases? Which are salts? Oxides?

H2O CaCO3 HCl H2O2 Na2CO3

Ca(OH)2 MnO2 H2SO4 NaOH

Acid: HCl H2SO4

Acid: A compound in which all the cations produced during ionization are hydrogen ions

Base:NaOH Ca(OH)2

Base: A compound in which all the anions produced during ionization are hydroxide ions

Salt:CaCO3 Na2CO3

Salt: compound composed of metal ions and acid ions

Oxide: H2O H2O2 MnO2

Oxide: A compound composed of two elements, one of which is oxygen

2. Uses of sodium chloride

NO1: Important condiments

NO2: An indispensable substance for normal human physiology (physiological effects of salt)

NO3: Used to pickle food in daily life

NO4: Industrial raw materials: chlorine---alkali industry

NO5: Prepare physiological saline for medical treatment, and use sodium chloride solution for seed selection in agriculture.

Hou's alkali production method (joint alkali production method)

principle:

NH3＋CO2＋H2O = NH4HCO3

NH4HCO3＋NaCl = NaHCO3↓＋NH4Cl

Overall reaction:

NH3＋CO2＋H2O +NaCl = NaHCO3↓＋NH4Cl

2NaHCO3 = Na2CO3＋H2O＋CO2↑

Pass carbon dioxide into a saturated solution of ammonia and sodium chloride to precipitate the less soluble sodium bicarbonate.

In the laboratory, the steps for producing Na2CO3 and NH4Cl using Hou's alkali production principle are:

⑴③The name of crystal 1 obtained by filtration is _________. The main solute contained in filtrate 1 is _________. The function of using the glass rod in operation ③ is ____________________.

⑵The order of operations ①② is reversed (can or cannot be filled in). The reason is:

________________________________________.

⑶The cycle steps of continuous production are _____ (fill in the operation sequence number).

Observation and thinking (1):

①Chemical equation for the reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid:

CaCO3+2HCl=CaCl2+H2O+CO2↑

Try writing a chemical equation for the following reaction:

②Sodium carbonate and hydrochloric acid:

Na2CO3+2HCl=2NaCl+H2O+CO2↑

③Sodium bicarbonate and hydrochloric acid:

NaHCO3+HCl=NaCl+H2O+CO2↑

Which of the following substances in each group can coexist in solution ( )

A KNO3 NaCl NaOH

B KOH Na2CO3 HCl

C KNO3 NaOH FeCl3

D AgNO3 BaCl2 HNO3

According to the conditions under which the metathesis reaction occurs, if you want to remove soluble impurities such as magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, and sodium carbonate that may be contained in coarse salt:

①What method will you use to remove it?

②What is the principle?

③How to operate?

④Write the relevant chemical reaction equation.

self reflection

1. Summarize the knowledge learned in this class, communicate with each other at the same table, and check for any omissions.

2. What new discoveries did you make while studying this lesson? Are you satisfied with your performance in class? Are you basically satisfied? Still not satisfied?

What you will gain after studying this topic is:

1. Understand the main uses of sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and calcium carbonate in life.

2. Be able to identify the types of metathesis reactions and understand the conditions under which metathesis reactions occur.

3. Master the chemical properties of salt and the detection methods of CO32- or HCO3-, Cl-, SO42- ions.

Classroom training

1. The following groups of substance names do not represent the same substance. The group is ()

A. sodium chloride, salt

B. Sodium hydroxide, caustic soda

C． Sodium carbonate, soda ash

D． Sodium bicarbonate, baking soda

2. Among the following statements about the use of substances, which one is wrong ( )

A. Calcium carbonate used as calcium supplement

B. Sodium bicarbonate is used in baking pastries

C． Soda ash solution for descaling

D． Table salt used as condiment

3. Which of the following chemical reactions is a metathesis reaction ( )

A. Zn+H2SO4 =ZnSO4+H2↑

B. 2KMnO4 = K2MnO4+MnO2+O2↑

C. CaO+H2O=Ca(OH)2

D. CuSO4+2NaOH=Cu(OH)2↓+Na2SO4

after class homework

1. P75: 1, 3.

2. Complete the exercise paper

3. Read the information "The Formation of Stalagmites and Stalactites"

4. Summarize and organize the key points of knowledge on this topic

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Update Time: 2024-07-04

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