"Understanding Internal Energy" Internal Energy and Heat Engine PPT Courseware 2

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"Understanding Internal Energy" Internal Energy and Heat Engine PPT Courseware 2

Learning objectives of this lesson

1. Know the concept of internal energy and the units of internal energy;

2. Be able to simply describe the relationship between temperature and internal energy;

3. Know and experience two methods of changing internal energy

Knowledge of molecular kinetic theory

Objects are made up of a large number of _______;

Molecules are constantly doing ______________;

There is mutual _______ between molecules.

What they have in common: moving

A moving basketball has ____.

Moving molecules also have ____.

What they have in common: mutual attraction

A free-falling stone and the Earth are attracted to each other with ____.

Molecules that attract each other also have ____.

Common points: mutually exclusive

A compressed spring has ____ because its parts repel each other.

Molecules that are mutually exclusive also have ____.

1. What is internal energy:

1. The concept of internal energy:

In physics, the sum of all ______ and ______ inside an object is called the internal energy of the object.

(It is another form of energy different from mechanical energy.)

2. Unit of internal energy:

The same unit as _____ is _____.

3. The relationship between internal energy and temperature:

For the same object, the higher the temperature, the more _____ the internal energy is.

When the temperature of an object decreases, its internal energy will _____.

All objects, regardless of temperature, have _____ energy.

2. How to change the internal energy of an object:

group discussion

Given a piece of iron wire, what methods can you use to increase its temperature? (Increase its internal energy)

A. Put it in the sun; B. Rub it on stones;

C. Put it in hot water; D. Put it on the fire;

E. Hit it with a hammer. F. Cover it with your hands.

G. Repeatedly bend with force;

Rub the metal block back and forth quickly on the sand and gravel. The temperature of the metal block and the sand and gravel will be _____, and the internal energy will be _____. This changes the internal energy of the object through _____. In this process, _____ energy is converted into _____ energy through work.

Work changes the internal energy of an object

(1) The experimental phenomenon we observed is: ________?

(2) The condition for an object to burn is the temperature ________, reaching the ignition point (ignition point)?

(3) Press the piston downward quickly, the internal energy of the air ________,

This changes the internal energy of the air by ________.

※ Heat transfer can change the internal energy of an object

1. The condition for heat transfer: there is a ____ difference between objects.

2. The essence of the process of heat transfer: It is a process in which ____ can be transferred from a high-temperature object to a low-temperature object.

3. The relationship between work and heat transfer: The internal energy of an object changed by work and heat transfer is ____.

Summary of classroom knowledge:

1. What is internal energy:

1. Concept: The sum of all ________ and ____________ inside an object is called the internal energy of the object.

2. Unit: It is ________.

3. Relationship with temperature: As the temperature of the same object increases, the internal energy ________.

2. Methods of changing internal energy:

1. Do work:

2. Heat transfer:

Work and heat transfer change the internal energy of an object to ________.

Practice in class

1. In winter, if you rub your hands repeatedly, your hands will feel warm; if you "breathe" into your hands with your mouth, your hands will also feel warm. The former uses _______ to increase the internal energy of the hand, and the latter uses _______ to increase the internal energy of the hand.

2. Among the following phenomena, the one that uses work to change the internal energy of an object is _______. (fill in the serial number)

(1) In winter, people rub their palms against each other to keep warm

(2) In ancient times, humans drilled wood to make fire

(3) In winter, people breathe into their hands to keep them warm

(4) Put the red-hot iron into cold water and the cold water will become hot.

(5) Feeling very hot when basking in the sun

(6) Hit some iron pieces repeatedly with a hammer, and its temperature will rise.

(7) If you bend a wire multiple times, the bend will become hot.

3. The internal energy of an object is ( )

A. The sum of the kinetic energy and potential energy of an object

B. The sum of all the energy contained in an object

C. The sum of the kinetic energy and molecular potential energy of all molecules inside the object that move randomly

D. When the temperature is 0 degrees Celsius, the object has no internal energy

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For more information about the PPT courseware "Internal Energy and Heat Engines to Understand Internal Energy", please click the Internal Energy and Heat Engines ppt to Understand Internal Energy ppt tag.

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Update Time: 2024-07-29

This template belongs to Physics courseware Guangdong and Shanghai Edition Ninth Grade Physics Volume 1 industry PPT template

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