"The Origin and Evolution of Humankind" PPT

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"The Origin and Evolution of Humankind" PPT

Part One: Learning Objectives

1. List the animals that are most closely related to humans;

2. Discuss the similarities and differences between modern apes and modern humans;

3. Make it clear that human beings originated from animals, not created by God, and agree that human beings gradually evolved in the struggle with the natural environment.

4. Make it clear that different races come from common ancestors, and gradually form the idea that people of all ethnic groups are equal.

The Origin and Evolution of Humans PPT, Part 2: Learning New Knowledge

1. Great apes have very similar characteristics to humans

1. Types of great apes

2. Similar characteristics between apes and humans

(1) External appearance: flat face, eyes on the same plane

It has no tail, its body is larger than that of a monkey, and its overall shape is close to that of a human.

(2) Body structure:

The skeleton is similar to that of humans, the cerebral hemisphere is relatively developed, and the cerebrum covers the cerebellum.

Primates have a thumb that is separated from the other four fingers to form a grasp.

(3) Facial expression:

Most of them have various expressions such as joy, anger, sadness, and joy, similar to humans.

(4) Behavioral performance:

Great apes are good at imitation; they know how to communicate and can use branches as tools.

(5) Others:

Great apes like to live in groups, and some have families; they can barely walk upright.

2. The transition from ape to human

The taxonomic status is recent and they have a relatively recent common ancestor.

3. The stages of human evolution

1. Australopithecus:

※The earliest hominid to walk on two legs

※The brain capacity is equivalent to that of modern great apes (450-500ML)

2. Homo habilis: manufacture and use tools, brain capacity is about 700ML

3. Homo erectus: able to use fire and more advanced tools.

1.7 million years ago: Homo erectus Yuan

1 million years ago: Homo erectus in Hexian and Lantian

700,000 years old: Homo erectus in Beijing

4. Homo sapiens: The only existing human species, divided into early Homo sapiens and late Homo sapiens.

They made stone and bone tools for hunting, fishing, building houses and sewing clothes.

The Origin and Evolution of Humans PPT, Part 3: Class Exercises

1. In the process of the evolution of ancient apes into humans, the most critical change is ( )

A. Orogeny is active and mountains are uplifted

B. Climate change intensifies and glaciers appear

C. Walking on all fours changes to walking upright

D. Destruction of forests and sparse grasslands

2. Regarding the origin of human beings, which of the following statements is correct ( )

A. Human beings were created by God

B. Human beings were kneaded out of clay by Nuwa.

C. Human beings are born naturally

D. Humans evolved from forest apes

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Update Time: 2024-11-21

This template belongs to biology courseware Beijing Normal University Edition Eighth Grade Biology Volume 2 industry PPT template

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