"Biology is the science of exploring life" PPT courseware

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"Biology is the science of exploring life" PPT courseware

Part One: The Development of Biology

1. Scientific activities of biologists

Activity: Talk about the biologist in your mind.

2. The development history of biology

1. Linnaeus and biological classification

Linnaeus Carl Von Linné (1707-1778, also translated as Linnaeus, Linnaeus), Swedish naturalist, founded the binomial nomenclature. Linnaeus's interest in plants was influenced by his family. In 1727 he entered Lund University to study medicine. As early as 1730, he began to outline the classification of plants in his systematic study of plants.

Before the 18th century, tens of thousands of plants in the world did not have unified names. The same plant often had several names, or several plants had the same name, which brought great difficulties to the study of plants. The Swedish botanist Linnaeus (1707-1778) changed this confusing situation. The "binary nomenclature" he founded (referred to as "binary nomenclature") gives each plant two names, one is the genus name and the other is the species name. Together they are the scientific name of the plant, as if people have The surname is the same as the first name, and this nomenclature is still used today. From 1732, Linnaeus studied in the Netherlands and obtained a doctorate in medicine. He traveled around the Netherlands, England, France and other countries, systematically compiled his many years of investigation data, and published many works, including the epoch-making masterpiece "Natural Systems". In this book, he explains the formation of minerals, the growth and life of plants, the growth of animals, and the feeling of life. The "double name method" appeared for the first time in the book and has become famous all over the world.

2. Darwin and biological evolution

Charles Robert Darwin (1809-1882) was a British naturalist and the founder of the theory of evolution. On February 12, 1809, he was born in a British doctor family. He studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh from 1825 to 1828, and later entered the University of Cambridge to study theology. After graduating from Cambridge University in 1831, he traveled around the world as a naturalist on the naval exploration ship "Beagle" for five years (1831-1836), observing and collecting animals, plants, geology, etc. After summarizing and comprehensively analyzing a large amount of materials in this field, the concept of biological progression was formed.

Darwin was born on February 12, 1809 in Shrewsbury, England. Darwin loved nature since he was a child, especially hunting, collecting minerals and animal and plant specimens. In 1831, Darwin graduated from Cambridge University. He gave up his lucrative career as a priest and remained passionate about his natural science research. In December of this year, the British government organized the global expedition of the warship "Beagle". Darwin was recommended by someone, and as a "naturalist", he boarded the ship at his own expense and began a long and arduous expedition around the world. During his five-year expedition around the world, Darwin accumulated a large amount of data. After returning to China, he sorted out these materials and went into practice. At the same time, he consulted a large number of books to find basis for his theory of biological evolution. In 1842, he wrote a brief outline of "The Origin of Species" for the first time. In November 1859, Darwin's scientific masterpiece "The Origin of Species", written after more than 20 years of research, was finally published. In this book, Darwin clearly put forward the idea of ​​"evolution", explaining that species are in constant change, an evolution process from low-level to high-level, from simple to complex.

On April 19, 1882, this great scientist died of illness. People buried his body next to Newton's tomb to express their respect for this scientist.

Biology is the science of exploring life PPT, part 2: research objects of biology

3. The research object of biology is life phenomena

1. Biological science is a basic science in natural science. It is a science that studies the morphology, structure, classification, physiology, inheritance and variation, evolution, and ecology of living things.

2. Biological science is an experimental science, and all biological knowledge comes from the observation and experiment of nature.

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Update Time: 2024-08-05

This template belongs to biology courseware Beijing Normal University Edition Seventh Grade Biology Volume 1 industry PPT template

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