"The Role of Animals in the Biosphere" PPT courseware 8

Description

"The Role of Animals in the Biosphere" PPT courseware 8

Research 1: We know that green plants support other living things on earth!

Why are animals also important components of ecosystems, and what role do they play in natural ecosystems?

Information 1: Sparrows pecked and destroyed crops and were once listed as major pest birds. In the 1950s and 1960s, my country launched a campaign to “eradicate sparrows.” According to relevant records, Shanghai eliminated 686,172 sparrows and harvested 265,968 sparrow eggs within 5 days. Now, experts have issued a call to protect sparrows. why is that?

question:

1. Can humans destroy sparrows at will? (cannot)

2. Can humans destroy certain animals at will? (cannot)

Information 2:

Hulunbuir Grassland is the largest animal husbandry base in my country. There were many wolves in the past, which posed a serious threat to the development of pastoralism. In order to protect the safety of people and animals, local herdsmen once organized large-scale wolf hunting activities. But then the hare grew at an alarming rate. Rabbits and cattle and sheep compete for pasture, accelerating the degradation of pastures.

Think about it: What is the main reason for the increase in hares?

The decline of wolves!

1. Maintain ecological balance

Do you think humans can kill certain animals at will? Why?

Man-made destruction of animal species and numbers will cause the entire ecosystem to lose balance.

From this we can see what role animals play in nature?

ecological balance

The concept of ecological balance: In an ecosystem, the number and proportion of various organisms are always maintained in a relatively stable state. This phenomenon is called ecological balance.

Class summary

The role of animals in nature

1. Animals play an important role in ecological balance

Ecological balance: In an ecosystem, the number and proportion of various organisms are always maintained in a relatively stable state. This phenomenon is called ecological balance.

2. Animals can promote the material cycle of the ecosystem

3. Animals help plants pollinate and spread seeds

practise:

In order to prevent birds from eating grass seeds, some people covered the experimental area where artificial grass was planted with a net. After a while, they found that the leaves of the grass were almost eaten by insects, while the grass grew well in the natural grassland without a net. Please explain the reason.

Natural grassland: grass → herbivorous insects → insectivorous birds

Answer: In natural grasslands, there is a food chain consisting of grass → herbivorous insects → insectivorous birds. When the grassland in the experimental area was covered with nets, this food chain was destroyed. Since the insects could not be eaten by insect-eating birds, they multiplied in large numbers and eventually ate up all the grass leaves. In the pastures that are not covered by nets, the food chain is not damaged and the grass grows well.

practise

1. Answer the questions based on the following material cycle diagram:

①After the death of rabbits, trees and grass, their remains will gradually disappear. This is because C__________ in the picture decomposes them into A_________ and B____________.

②Under the light, A and B are used by plants to perform ________ function, and the produced ________ is used by plants and further used by animals.

③C’s role in it is to participate in ________ as a decomposer, and it uses ______________ to live.

2. In the forest ecosystem, rabbits and rats eat grass. Rabbits are often preyed upon by foxes and eagles. Rats are often preyed upon by foxes and snakes. Snakes are sometimes preyed upon by eagles. These phenomena can illustrate the relationship between organisms in nature ( )

A. Mutually restrictive B. Diverse C. Evolving D. Irrelevant

3. Pests and diseases have caused huge losses to agricultural and forestry production, and the use of pesticides will cause environmental pollution and affect the health of humans and animals through the food chain. In order to reduce the impact of pesticides on the environment, organisms can be used to control pests and diseases. This is () Commonly used methods include using insects to control pests, using birds to control pests, and using bacteria to control pests.

4. In the long-term survival and development process of animals and plants in nature, the relationship between ___________ and ___________ is formed.

Consolidation exercises

1. Judgment

1. The wolf is a harmful animal and we should eliminate it completely ( )

2. Ecological balance means that the number and proportion of organisms in the ecosystem are always maintained in an absolutely stable state. ( )

2. Fill in the blanks

1. Various organisms in nature form _________ and _________ relationships in the long-term survival and development process.

2. In the ecosystem, animals are ________, plants are ________, and bacteria are ________

3. Q&A

What are the roles of animals in nature?

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Update Time: 2024-11-22

This template belongs to biology courseware People's Education Edition Biology for Grade 8, Volume 1 industry PPT template

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