"Human Utilization of Bacteria and Fungi" Bacteria and Fungi PPT Courseware 4

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"Human Utilization of Bacteria and Fungi" Bacteria and Fungi PPT Courseware 4

In the long history of our country, wine culture has a long history. Many popular and beautiful poems are related to wine. For example, "A pot of wine among the flowers, drinking alone without any close friends, raising glasses to invite the bright moon, making three people in the shadows", "May I ask where the restaurant is, a passer-by points to Xinghua Village", and now the well-known "Maotai" wine used for state banquets is even more famous. All over the world. Do students want to make delicious wine?

Book P84 "Think about it and discuss it"

1. Bacteria, fungi and food production

(1) Experiment: Yeast fermentation experiment

think

Why are the bread or steamed buns we eat in daily life soft and porous?

The carbon dioxide gas produced by the yeast will form many small holes in the dough, making the steamed buns or bread rise and become soft.

Why don’t the bread or steamed buns taste like alcohol?

The alcohol produced by yeast fermentation evaporates during the steaming and baking process.

2. Preservation of bacteria, fungi and food

Food spoilage is mainly caused by bacteria and fungi

Food preservation----preservation

main principles based on

It kills bacteria and fungi in food or inhibits their growth and reproduction.

Observe and think

Different methods can be used to prevent food spoilage. Observe the picture on page 86 of the book and answer the following questions based on your life experience.

discuss

1. How many ways to preserve food are there in the picture?

2. Try to name the principles on which some of these methods are based.

3. In addition to the above methods, what other methods do you know to prevent food spoilage?

3. Bacteria, fungi and disease prevention and treatment

Bacteria and fungi can cause a variety of diseases, but some fungi can produce substances that kill certain disease-causing bacteria. These substances are called antibiotics.

What are antibiotics?

Antibiotics are substances produced by fungi that kill disease-causing bacteria

Penicillin medicine

Penicillin is a well-known antibiotic drug. It is produced by the fungus Penicillium and can treat a variety of bacterial diseases such as pneumonia, meningitis, gonorrhea, etc.

Genetically modified drugs—insulin

Scientists transferred the gene that controls the synthesis of insulin into E. coli and cultured the E. coli on a large scale to mass-produce insulin, a drug used to treat diabetes.

1. Decide whether the following statements are correct. Draw a "V" if it is correct and an "×" if it is incorrect.

(1) Different types of fungi or bacteria may be used to make different fermented foods. ( )

(2) Cured meat is not easy to rot for a long time because more salt will inhibit the growth of bacteria. ( )

2. Which of the following statements about antibiotics is correct: ( )

A. Antibiotics can only kill disease-causing bacteria and will not kill other bacteria;

B. Antibiotics can kill bacteria, so antibiotic drugs will not spoil;

C. When you are sick, you should take antibiotics as soon as possible for a speedy recovery;

D. Although antibiotics can cure diseases, improper use can also be harmful to the body.

3. Some chemicals can kill bacteria in food and prevent food from spoiling. These substances are called preservatives. In recent years, scientists have confirmed that eating too many preservatives is harmful to health. Therefore, you should eat less food containing preservatives. Make sure to check the labels on the food packages you buy to see what preservatives are used.

Preservative safety manual: There are two preservatives that can be used in my country, one is benzoic acid and sodium benzoate, and the other is sorbic acid and potassium sorbate. The scope of use is limited to soy sauce, vinegar, jam lamps, fruit juices, sherbet, sherbet, wine, sparkling wine, soda, low-salt pickles, preserves, hawthorn cakes, cans, etc. The state also stipulates the maximum usage amount according to different foods. For example, the amount added to soy sauce, vinegar, and jam is one thousandth, while only two thousandths can be added to sparkling wine and soda water. The amounts added in other foods are between these two ranges. In addition, nitrates and nitrites are mainly added as color-developing agents in fish and meat processing, but there are also preservatives that are easily converted into nitrosamines with strong carcinogenic effects.

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Update Time: 2024-08-30

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