"Transmission of genes between parents and offspring" Biological inheritance and variation PPT courseware 5

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"Transmission of genes between parents and offspring" Biological inheritance and variation PPT courseware 5

How are genes that control traits passed on to future generations?

Heredity: refers to the similarities in form, structure and function between parents and children.

Variation: refers to the differences between parents and offspring.

Traits: the morphological structure, physiological characteristics and behavior of an organism. Such as the height of the body, normal vision and color blindness, etc.

Relative traits: The same traits of the same species often have different manifestations.

The relationship between chromosomes, DNA, and genes:

There is one DNA molecule on each chromosome. The number of DNA is the same as the number of chromosomes. Each DNA molecule has multiple genes.

Chromosomes exist in pairs in somatic cells, DNA molecules also exist in pairs, and genes also exist in pairs on chromosomes.

Scientist's inquiry

1. In 1883, the discovery of the Belgian embryologist------Bineden

2. From 1890 to 1891, German scientists observed and studied various organisms and confirmed that during the cell division process to form sperm or egg cells, the chromosomes are reduced by half, and it is not an arbitrary half, but each pair of chromosomes has its own One enters the sperm or egg cell

When germ cells are produced, pairs of chromosomes are separated, and DNA and genes are also separated.

1. The number of chromosomes in a horse is 64, and the sperm or eggs it produces contain DNA molecules ( )

A. 32 B. 23 c. 46 D. 64

2. Human parents pass genetic material to their offspring through ( )

A. Traits b. Fertilized egg C. Sperm and egg cells D. embryo

3. Which of the following descriptions about genes is correct ( )

A. Genes only exist in germ cells

B. There are as many genes as there are chromosomes

C． Genes exist singly in germ cells

D. A certain trait of an organism is controlled by a gene

4． Which of the following statements about chromosomes is correct ( )

A. Chromosomes are only found in germ cells

B. Chromosomes are found in the nucleus

C． Chromosomes are easily stained by acid and alkali dyes

D. Half of each chromosome comes from the father and half from the mother

5. The following chromosome numbers are generally unlikely to be somatic cells: A. Article 23 B. Article 24 C． Article 46 D. 68 items

6. ( ) is the structural and functional unit of genetic material. The segment of DNA that has genetic effects is called ( ).

7. The number of chromosomes in human breast cells is ( )

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For more information about the PPT courseware "Inheritance of Biology and Transmission of Mutated Genes between Parent-Child Generations", please click on the PPT tab of "Heredity of Biology and Transmission of Mutated Genes between Parent-Child Generations".

"Transmission of genes between parents and offspring" Biological inheritance and variation PPT courseware 4:

"Gene Transmission between Parents and Children" Biological Inheritance and Variation PPT Courseware 4 Learning Objectives 1. Describe the relationship between chromosomes, DNA and genes. 2. Describe the changes in chromosomes during reproduction. 3. Explain the transmission of genes between parent and offspring through germ cells. Review tips...

"Transmission of genes between parents and offspring" Biological inheritance and variation PPT courseware 3:

"Transmission of Genes between Parents and Children" Biological Heredity and Variation PPT Courseware 3 1. Heredity and Variation (1) Heredity: Similarity between parents and children (2) Variation: Differences between parents and children and individual offspring 2. Biological traits (1) Types of traits: morphological and structural characteristics, physiological...

"Gene Transmission between Parents and Children" Biological Inheritance and Variation PPT Courseware 2:

"Gene Transmission between Parents and Children" Biological Inheritance and Variation PPT Courseware 2 We know that most life begins with a fertilized egg. In the process of sexual reproduction, sperm and egg cells are the bridge for the transmission of genes between parents and children. Observation and thinking 1 Human body fine...

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Update Time: 2024-08-10

This template belongs to biology courseware People's Education Edition Biology for Grade 8, Volume 2 industry PPT template

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