"Mutation of Organisms" Heredity and Variation of Organisms PPT Courseware 5

Description

"Mutation of Organisms" Heredity and Variation of Organisms PPT Courseware 5

1. Variation

1. Concept: Differences between parents and offspring of organisms and between individual offspring are called mutations.

2. Characteristics: It is a common life phenomenon in the biological world and one of the basic characteristics of living things.

case analysis

1. A couple with normal color vision gave birth to a color-blind child.

2. There are two brothers. The elder brother works outdoors for a long time, and the younger brother works indoors for a long time. The elder brother is darker than the younger brother.

think

1. What caused the variation in the two cases mentioned above?

2. Can these two mutations be passed on to future generations?

In conclusion

Biological variation is ubiquitous and non-directional.

biological variation

Heritable variation Variation caused by changes in genetic material

Non-heritable variation Variation caused by changes in the environment but unchanged genetic material

The significance of heredity and variation in biological evolution

Without heredity, there would be no stability in the species

Without variation, it would be impossible to produce new biological types, and organisms would not be able to adapt to changing living environments. Mutation is not directional.

Due to the inheritance and variation of organisms, the biological world continues to evolve and develop from simple to complex, from low to high.

Classroom training

1. Ordinary tomatoes and cherry tomatoes belong to the same plant, but their fruit sizes are very different. This phenomenon belongs to ____.

2. The mutation that causes no change in the ____ substance caused by the influence of the external environment is called the mutation of ____.

3. Variations caused by changes in genetic material are heritable and are called _________variations.

Classroom training

4. Which of the following mutations cannot be passed on to future generations ( )

A. In a couple, the husband cannot distinguish between red and green.

B. Someone often works outdoors and his skin turns dark.

C. A couple is normal, but the child is diagnosed with congenital dementia after a certain age.

D. Both parents have double eyelids, but their daughter has single eyelids.

5. Which of the following does not belong to biological variation ( )

A. Differences in color of corn ears

B. The offspring of Ankang sheep are much shorter than their parents.

C. The heads of red-eyed fruit flies and white-eyed fruit flies

D. Immature small apples and mature big apples

6. Among the following methods, the one that cannot obtain heritable variation is ( )

A. Strengthen water and fertilizer management to make crops healthy

B. Cross breeds and then carry out breeding.

C. Treat seeds with rays and drugs for breeding.

D. Select cattle with better meat quality for breeding.

Have you mastered it?

1. In agriculture, rays or drugs are used to treat crop seeds. The principle of obtaining new varieties is rays or drugs ( )

A. Directly changes some traits of crops

B． Changed the nutritional content of crop seeds

C. Eliminate some undesirable traits of crops

D. Change the genetic material in the seeds

2. Which of the following statements about the biological and practical significance of squadron mutations is incorrect ( )

A. Enable organisms to better adapt to changing environments

B. All mutations are beneficial to the survival of organisms

C. Mutation will produce new types of organisms, allowing organisms to continuously evolve.

D. People can use mutations that are beneficial to humans to breed new varieties

3. Among the following variations, the variation that cannot be inherited is ( )

A.The black, yellow and white color of human skin

B. Yellow, white and red color of corn kernels

C.ABO blood type

D. Wheat stalks growing in the shade are thin and have small ears.

Which of the following statements is wrong? Please give your reasons.

1. The mutations produced by organisms are beneficial to their own survival ( )

2. All biological variations are heritable ( )

3. Some biological mutations are caused by changes in the environment ( )

4. Any variation caused by the external environment is not heritable ( )

Fill it out:

1. Some biological variations are ________, and some are __________. For example, a type of sickle type ________ anemia in humans is a heritable variation.

2. For the organism itself, favorable variation is conducive to the survival of the organism, such as the variation of ___________ in wheat. If there is no heritable variation, new _______ cannot be produced.

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For more information about the PPT courseware "Variation of Biology, Heredity and Variation of Biology", please click the "Variation of Biology ppt, Heredity and Variation of Biology" ppt tag.

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Update Time: 2024-09-30

This template belongs to biology courseware People's Education Edition Biology for Grade 8, Volume 2 industry PPT template

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