"The Process of Biological Evolution" Biological Evolution PPT Courseware 4

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"The Process of Biological Evolution" Biological Evolution PPT Courseware 4

How did the colorful biological world evolve and develop today?

What is the evidence for biological evolution?

Fossils are direct evidence of biological evolution

What is a fossil? (reading a book)

Evidence of biological evolution:

1. Fossils (direct evidence)

Common biological fossils are mostly formed from the hard parts of living organisms.

①The evolution process of horses: (the evolution process of the same species)

Evolutionary trends of horses:

The body size increases from small to large, the limbs become longer and longer, and the multi-toed feet gradually become more developed and the only one touching the ground is the middle toe.

Conclusion: The fossils of simpler and lower organisms always appear in the older strata, and the fossils of more complex and higher organisms always appear in the more recently formed strata. This shows that living things develop through evolution.

In addition to fossils, there is much indirect evidence.

Such as morphological anatomy, cell research, embryology (P35), etc. (other evidence)

Plant evolution:

Unicellular algae---multicellular algae---bryophytes---ferns---seed plants

The evolution of animals:

Primitive single-celled animals --- multicellular coelenterates --- platyhelminthes --- linear animals --- annelids --- molluscs --- arthropods

Fish---Amphibians---Reptiles

Development Law:

Biology follows: the development rules from simple to complex, from low to high, from life in water to life on land

Self-test (1)

1. The direct evidence of biological evolution is ( )

A: Creatures living now Ｂ: Creatures living in ancient times

C: Biological "evolutionary tree" D: Fossils of ancient organisms

2. The fundamental reason why biological fossils can prove the evolution of organisms is ( )

A: Fossils are the remains and relics of ancient creatures preserved in the earth’s strata.

B: Fossils were formed over a long period of geological time

C: Fossils of various organisms appear in a certain order in the stratum.

D: Fossils are the research object of paleontologists

3． It is known that the fossils of species A, which are closely related, appear in the strata much later than the fossils of species B. From this it can be seen that ()

A: There are more species A than species B

B: Species A has a more complex structure than species B

C: Species A must have evolved from species B

D: Species B must evolve from species A

4． Based on the Archaeopteryx fossils, we can determine which two organisms are closely related ()

A: Birds and mammals B: Birds and reptiles

C: Birds and amphibians D: Birds and fish

Self-test (2)

1. Among the following types of plants, the one that first appeared in the primitive ocean was ( )

A: Primitive algae B: Primitive bryophytes

C: primitive gymnosperms D: primitive ferns

2. From the perspective of evolution from lower to higher, which of the following is the correct order A: algae, bryophytes, ferns, seed plants

B: Bryophytes, ferns, algae, seed plants

C: ferns, bryophytes, algae, seed plants

D: Algae, seed plants, bryophytes, seed plants

3. Which of the following types of plants have completely lost their dependence on water for their reproductive processes?

A: Gymnosperms, angiosperms B: Bryophytes, ferns

C: Bryophytes, angiosperms D: Gymnosperms, ferns

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For more information about the PPT courseware "Evolution of Biology and the Process of Biological Evolution", please click on the Evolution of Biology ppt Process of Biological Evolution ppt tag.

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Update Time: 2024-11-27

This template belongs to biology courseware People's Education Edition Biology for Grade 8, Volume 2 industry PPT template

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