"Middle Eurasian Civilizations" World Ancient History PPT Courseware 3

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"Middle Eurasian Civilizations" World Ancient History PPT Courseware 3

1. Why is the Dahua Reform a symbol of Japan’s transition from a slave society to a feudal society?

Mainly because after the Dahua Reform, Japan abolished the ministries and democracies system in the economy and established the feudal land state ownership system. In terms of politics, the hereditary privileges of the nobility were abolished and a centralized state centered on imperial power was established, which was essentially different from the original form of political power. State officials at all levels were appointed by the central government and were all landlords. Dahua reform partially liberated productive forces, improved Japan's governance system, and established Japan's national development direction. From then on, Japan began to enter feudal society.

2. Enlightenment from the successful reform of Dahua

The Japanese nation is very good at taking the culture of other nations and turning it into a culture with its own characteristics. In ancient times, Japan learned from China, and in modern times, Japan learned from the West. These have made Japan continue to progress and become stronger. Therefore, we must face up to our own backwardness, conscientiously study advanced culture, actively reform and seek innovation, and keep pace with the times.

3. Characteristics of Western European feudal society

(1) In terms of politics, Western European feudal society formed a strict hierarchical system, which used land as a link to form feudal lords at all levels. The Holy See had supreme power and became the largest feudal lord in Europe, and the royal power was weakened.

(2) In terms of economy, in the early stages of Western European feudal society, economic development was slow. Since the 10th century, cities in Western Europe have re-emerged, and industry and commerce have developed rapidly, preparing conditions for the rise of capitalism.

(3) In terms of ideology and culture, the Christian church has a monopoly on religion, culture, and education. The pope and the church are the spiritual pillars of the Western European feudal system, and they brutally suppress "heretical" ideas that are contrary to the church's views.

1. Multiple choice questions

1. The combination of imitation and innovation is a major characteristic of the Japanese nation, which is mainly reflected in "Chineseization" and "Europeanization". Among them, "Chinese" refers to ( )

A. "Code of Hammurabi" B. Dahua reform

C. Slave-owning democracy D. Caste System

[Analysis] Choose B. This question mainly tests students’ understanding and analytical abilities. The Dahua Reform was a reform carried out by Japan to imitate and learn from the advanced political and economic systems of the Sui and Tang Dynasties in China.

On New Year's Day in 2.646, Emperor Kotoku issued a "reform" edict: abolishing the nobility's privately owned villages, farms and tribesmen, and returning all land and tribesmen to the state; the central government established two officials, eight provinces and one province, and the local government established high states, Counties and li; implement conscription system. This material reflects ( )

A. The background of Dahua’s reform B. Dahua’s new content

C. The nature of Dahua reform D. The impact of Dahua’s reform

[Analysis] Choose B. This question tests students' analytical skills. In the "Reform" edict promulgated by Emperor Kotoku, "the abolition of the nobility's privately owned villages, farms and tribesmen, and the return of land and tribesmen to the state" reflects the economic content of the Dahua Reform; "the central government established two "Eight provinces and one government, and high states, counties, and li are established in local areas" reflects the political content of Dahua's reform; "Implementing a conscription system" reflects the military content of Dahua's reform. Therefore, the correct answer is B.

3. If a monk who lived in the Tang Dynasty traveled east to Japan in 649, the correct information he brought back was ( )

A. Japan at that time was called Yamato Nation

B. Japan was in a slave society at that time

C. At that time, Japan was dominated by samurai

D. At that time, all land in Japan was owned by the state.

[Analysis] Choose D. This question tests students' analytical skills. In 646, Emperor Kotoku promulgated a reform edict and implemented reforms, which were known in history as the "Daika reform". This reform attacked the power of the slave-owning aristocracy and established a centralized system headed by the emperor. It marked Japan's transition from a slave society to a feudal society, so B and C are wrong. Japan is the name of a country, while Yamato is the name of a nation. Statement A is incorrect. Item D is the updated content of Dahua, which is in line with the meaning of the question.

2. Non-choice questions

9. Read the following materials and answer the questions:

Material 1 (Japan) After the envoys sent to the Tang Dynasty returned to China, they were highly used. They used the Tang Dynasty system as a model to carry out political reforms.

Material two

(1) What is the name of the “political reform” mentioned in Material 1? Under what background did Japan implement reforms?

(2) What impact did Japan’s “political reform” in Material 1 have on its social and historical development?

(3) The pictures in Material 2 reproduce the significant impact of Chinese civilization on Japanese culture. What information can you get based on the pictures?

(4) Japan has become one of the world's powerful countries because it is good at learning. What experiences does this provide for my country's socialist modernization construction?

[Analysis] This question tests students' ability to memorize, recognize pictures and summarize. Questions (1)(2) are relatively simple and can be answered by combining the knowledge you have learned. Question (3) tests students’ ability to read pictures and extract information. By examining the pictures, we can see that Japanese clothing, architecture, and calligraphy are deeply influenced by China. Japan is a country that is good at learning. Question (4) tests students’ analytical and inductive abilities, as long as they are reasonable.

Answer: (1) Dahua reform. Background: The various contradictions in Japan's slave society are very acute; the Japanese royal family and some people who studied in China wanted to imitate the Chinese system of the Sui and Tang Dynasties and implement centralized power.

(2) It attacked the power of the slave-owning aristocracy and established a centralized system, marking Japan's transition from a slave society to a feudal society.

(3) Japan is a country that is good at learning from the outside world and absorbing the advanced culture of other nations; Japanese clothing, architecture and calligraphy are deeply influenced by China; Japanese traditional culture is filled with a strong flavor of Chinese culture.

(4)① Adhere to reform and opening up and widely absorb the achievements of the world’s advanced civilizations. ② Actively introduce science and technology and boldly innovate. ③ Pay attention to the development of education and vigorously cultivate talents.

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Update Time: 2024-07-04

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