"The Opium War" PPT courseware on the invasion of China by foreign powers and the preservation of national salvation in the late Qing Dynasty

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"The Opium War" PPT courseware on the invasion of China by foreign powers and the preservation of national salvation in the late Qing Dynasty

Opium smuggling

background

1. The huge productivity stimulated by the industrial revolution requires more raw material origins and commodity dumping markets.

2. China’s foreign trade is in a leading position.

3. Britain cannot obtain legitimate trade exchanges at all.

The huge productivity stimulated by the industrial revolution required more sources of raw materials and dumping markets for goods.

Request to open China’s market

Self-sufficient and refusing to open the door to the country

The natural economy of "men farming and women weaving" still dominates, and a closed-door policy is implemented.

Please summarize the harm of opium to China into several items and write them down.

Economically: Silver outflows and silver prices rose, exacerbating China's poverty.

Politically: Officials smoked opium, corroding the Qing Dynasty's ruling institutions.

Military: Officers and soldiers smoked opium, which weakened the army's combat effectiveness.

In life: It seriously damages the physical condition of drug addicts and brings instability to society.

Lin Zexu’s measures to ban smoking:

①Arrest cigarette dealers;

② Improve coastal defense;

③Assign people to translate foreign books and newspapers;

④ Stop Sino-British trade and blockade businesses;

⑤Smoking cigarettes in Humen.

The significance of the ban on opium in Humen:

The elimination of opium in Humen is a major victory for China's anti-smoking movement. It dampened the arrogance of foreign invaders and demonstrated the determination of the Chinese people to safeguard national dignity. Lin Zexu is a national hero.

The British launched a war of aggression and the resistance of the Chinese military and civilians

1. The Opium War

1. The fundamental reason for the outbreak of the Opium War: Britain wanted to open the Chinese market, sell goods, and plunder raw materials.

2. Trigger: Lin Zexu’s cigarette burning in Humen

3. War process

4.Results

In August 1842, British warships invaded the Nanjing River. The Qing government sued for peace from the British army, but the Qing army failed.

5. Reasons for defeat

The Qing army's equipment was poor, the artillery barrels were rusty, and the gunpowder could not be fully burned. They also changed commanders several times, and the battles were uncertain, which further weakened the already weak combat effectiveness, causing the Qing army to fight in the local area to fail repeatedly.

The signing of the Treaty of Nanjing

In August 1842, the Qing government was defeated and sued for peace, ending the Opium War. The Qing government was forced to sign the Treaty of Nanjing with Britain, the first unequal treaty in modern Chinese history that was humiliating and humiliating the country.

Parts of the Treaty of Nanjing undermined China's territorial integrity and sovereign independence, causing China to become a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. Since then, China has ended its historical process of independent development and been forced into the capitalist world market.

Specific reasons: political corruption of the Qing government; backward feudal economy; backward military technology and equipment; weak overall national strength; war and uncertainty among the Qing ruling group that controlled the war; improper military command; connivance from the British and American powers.

The fundamental reason: Decaying feudalism cannot resist emerging capitalism.

Homework

1. The fundamental reason for the outbreak of the Opium War is ( )

A. The British came to China to discuss trade and failed

B. The Qing government implemented a closed-door policy

C. Britain is determined to open up the Chinese market

D. Lin Zexu’s smoking ban harmed British interests

2. Whose interests does Lin Zexu represent in the anti-smoking movement ( )

A. The Qing government B. The Chinese nation

C. People D. Anti-smoking faction

3. On the eve of the Opium War, the foreign policy pursued by the Qing government was ( )

A. Seclusion B. Free trade

C. Equal exchanges D. Selling rights and interests

Material 1: Opium smoke, so cunning... This is the West trying to harm China. This comes from India... women turn into monsters and men turn into idiots. The old body dies first, and the dead body is not buried.

Material 2: The National Anti-Drug Commission’s Anti-Drug Work Plan from 2004 to 2008 regards anti-drug publicity and education as the fundamental strategy for anti-drug work. Anti-drug publicity and education for young people, especially primary and secondary schools, is a top priority. The newly revised "Code for Primary and Secondary Schools" that has been implemented since September 1, 2004 has put forward specific requirements in terms of safety and self-protection and staying away from drugs.

1. Based on the materials and the knowledge you have learned, please talk about the main harm caused by the import of opium to China.

(1) Endangering the health of the Chinese people. (2) Many families were destroyed. (3) Leading to a massive outflow of silver. (4) Leading to a decrease in the combat effectiveness of the army. (5) Causing national financial difficulties. (6) Exacerbating political corruption, etc.

2. Why did Britain smuggle opium to China at that time?

Reversing the unfavorable situation in legitimate Sino-British trade and opening up the Chinese market.

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Update Time: 2024-10-21

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