"The Sino-Japanese War of 1894" PPT courseware on the invasion of China by foreign powers and the survival of the nation during the Wanqing Period

Description

"The Sino-Japanese War of 1894" PPT courseware on the invasion of China by foreign powers and the survival of the nation during the Wanqing Period

Situation import

Meiji Restoration: The Japanese government carried out modern political reforms and established a constitutional monarchy. Economically, we promote "colonization and development of industry", learn European and American technology, carry out a wave of industrialization, and advocate "civilization and enlightenment", Europeanization of social life, and vigorously develop education. This reform made Japan the first country in Asia to embark on the road of industrialization, and gradually became one of the world's powerful countries.

New course teaching

Naval and land battles

background:

Imperialism: tacit approval;

Japan: "Mainland Policy", active expansion, long-planned;

The Qing government: avoided war and sought peace, and did not prepare for war;

North Korea: The Donghak Party uprising provides an opportunity.

Reasons for China’s failure in the Sino-Japanese War of 1898-1899:

China: Corruption in the Qing Dynasty was the root of failure;

Some Qing generals were greedy for life and afraid of death;

Weapons and equipment are backward, etc.

Japan: After the Meiji Restoration, Japan embarked on the path of capitalism and began colonial expansion;

long planned and well prepared;

Strong power, etc.

Treaty of Shimonoseki

Time: April 1895

Location: Shimonoseki, Japan

Representatives: (Qing government) Li Hongzhang, (Japan) Ito Hirobumi

content:

1. Cut off the Liaodong Peninsula (later redeemed), Taiwan and the Penghu Islands to Japan;

2. Compensate Japan’s military expenditure with 200 million taels of silver;

3. Add Shashi, Chongqing, Suzhou and Hangzhou as treaty ports;

4. Allow Japan to open factories in China's treaty ports, etc.

Impact of the Treaty of Shimonoseki:

1. The further loss of China’s territory stimulated the ambitions of the great powers to carve up China.

2. Borrowing foreign debt allows the great powers to further control China's finance and economy.

3. Let the aggressive forces of the great powers penetrate deep into the mainland of China.

4. Seriously hindered the development of China's national industry.

The degree of semi-colonialization of Chinese society has greatly deepened.

The Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1894 stimulated the invasion of China by foreign powers, and China's national crisis further intensified, mainly in the following two aspects:

1. Economically: While dumping goods, the great powers expanded capital exports and further expanded their economic power in China.

2. Politically: The great powers set off a frenzy to carve up China, establishing "leased territories" and dividing spheres of influence in China. The United States has proposed an "open door" policy.

"Open Door" Policy:

Proposed by the US government in 1899. Its essence is: an attempt to use "equal opportunities" to ease the conflicts among the great powers competing for China, allowing the United States to have the opportunity to intervene in other countries' leased territories and spheres of influence, and to ensure that the Chinese market is free and open to American capital and goods.

Sphere of influence:

It refers to all or part of the territory of colonial and semi-colonial countries controlled by capitalist countries by virtue of their strength. In this territory, the country enjoys exclusive rights and no other countries are allowed to interfere.

Course summary

Sino-Japanese War

Direct cause: Peasant uprising broke out in North Korea

Time: 1894 to early 1895

Process: Battle of Toshima, Battle of Yellow Sea, Battle of Weihaiwei

Result: China was defeated miserably and the Treaty of Shimonoseki was signed. The nature of China's semi-colonial and semi-feudal society was greatly deepened, and the great powers set off a frenzy to carve up China.

Homework

1. The event that marked the complete destruction of the Beiyang Fleet was ( )

A. Battle of the Yellow Sea

B. Liaodong Campaign

C. Battle of Weihaiwei

2. Who was the Chinese representative who signed the Treaty of Shimonoseki with Japan?

Li Hongzhang

3. Material analysis questions

Material: "On this day, the whole world is crying, and there is enough power to strengthen the navy."

Please answer: (1) Who does the “public” in the material refer to? His official position? (2) What year and event does “this date” in the above materials refer to? (3) What is the name of the navy in the above materials? (4) What does "strengthening naval power" in the above materials refer to? (5) If you were this person, what would you do when faced with a life or death decision? (6) How to evaluate this person? What kind of spirit should we learn from him?

(1) Deng Shichang, commander of the Zhiyuan Ship of the Beiyang Fleet.

(2) The Battle of the Yellow Sea in 1894.

(3) Beiyang Fleet.

(4) It praises Deng Shichang. Because Deng Shichang commanded the Zhiyuan ship to engage in a fierce battle with the Japanese army. When the ammunition was about to run out, he resolutely ordered to use full power to ram the Japanese ship Yoshino. Unfortunately, it was hit by a torpedo, and all the soldiers on the ship died heroically.

(5) To sacrifice one's life for one's country, to die as heavy as a mountain; to survive, to keep the green mountains alive, and to fight against the Japanese aggressors again.

(6) National heroes of the Chinese nation. Learn from his patriotism that is not afraid of sacrifice.

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For more information about the PPT courseware "The Great Powers' Invasion of China and the Late Qing Dynasty's National Salvation Plan to Survive the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1899", please click the "The Great Powers' Invasion of China and the Late Qing Dynasty's National Salvation Plan to Preserve the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1899" ppt tag.

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Update Time: 2024-07-23

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