"Revolution of 1911" Revolution of 1911 and the Creation of the Republic of China PPT Courseware 2

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"Revolution of 1911" Revolution of 1911 and the Creation of the Republic of China PPT Courseware 2

1. Xingzhonghui and China Alliance

Sun Yat-sen believed that "healing the country" was more important than "healing people". Please share your views on this.

1. The establishment of the Xingzhong Association

Founder Sun Yat-sen

Time 1894

Location Honolulu (Hawaiian Islands)

Slogan Revitalize China

Goal: Overthrow the Qing Dynasty

Nature of organization: The first bourgeois revolutionary group

2. The establishment of the China Alliance

In the first issue of "Min Bao", Sun Yat-sen elaborated the political program of the Tongmenghui into the three major principles of "nation", "democracy" and "people's livelihood", referred to as the Three People's Principles. The Three People's Principles is a relatively complete bourgeois democratic revolutionary program. It became the guiding ideology for Sun Yat-sen to lead the Revolution of 1911.

The purpose of our revolution is to seek happiness for China. Because we don’t want the dictatorship of a few Manchus, we want national revolution; we don’t want the dictatorship of a single monarch, so we want political revolution; we don’t want the dictatorship of a few rich people, so we want social revolution. ——Sun Yat-sen's "Three People's Principles and China's Future"

2. Wuchang Uprising

Time: October 10, 1911

Location: Wuchang

Result: Victory, establishment of Hubei Military Government,

Impact: All provinces responded one after another, and the Qing government collapsed

3. The establishment of the Republic of China

Key points to know:

Time: New Year’s Day, 1912

Capital: Nanjing

National flag:

Calendar and Era: Switch to the Gregorian calendar and use the Republic of China Era

Interim President: Sun Yat-sen

Yuan Shikai stole the fruits of revolution

In 1895, Yuan Shikai began to train new troops in Tianjin. After he served as governor-general of Zhili and minister of Beiyang, he established six towns in Beiyang in 1905 and initially formed Beiyang forces. After the Revolution of 1911, with the support of Western powers, he attempted to seek the position of president of the Republic of China.

After the Wuchang Uprising broke out, Yuan Shikai took advantage of the rapid development of revolutionary forces to force the Qing government to appoint him as prime minister and take charge of the country's military and political power. After taking power, Yuan Shikai adopted cunning tactics of beating and pulling against the revolutionaries. While using force to suppress the revolutionaries, they also forced the revolutionaries to accept the "North-South Peace Negotiation" with the support of imperialism. In December 1911, the North-South peace talks were held in the British Concession in Shanghai.

On February 12, 1912, Emperor Xuantong abdicated.

In accordance with the peace terms negotiated between the North and the South, Sun Yat-sen resigned on the 13th.

In order to limit Yuan Shikai's power and prevent his dictatorship, Sun Yat-sen proposed three conditions in his resignation speech, including establishing Nanjing as the capital, the new president taking office in Nanjing, and abiding by the "Provisional Convention", for Yuan Shikai to abide by.

The historical significance of the Revolution of 1911

1. Nature: It is a great anti-imperialist and anti-feudal bourgeois democratic revolution.

2. Achievements: It overthrew the rule of the Qing Dynasty and ended the feudal monarchy for more than two thousand years. For the first time, the flag of the bourgeois republic flew over China, which was conducive to the development of capitalism and social progress.

3. Limitations: It has not changed the nature of China’s semi-colonial and semi-feudal society and the tragic situation of the people.

Classroom training

1. (2010·Jilin Academic Examination) "Abolition of the two thousand years of monarchy, the first righteousness should be attributed to the forerunners", the historical figure evaluated is ( )

A. Kang Youwei B. Sun Yat-sen

C. Li Dazhao D. Chen Duxiu

2. (2010·Xuzhou High School Entrance Examination) On the morning of May 23, 2010, the unveiling ceremony for the relocation of the bronze statue of Sun Yat-sen was held grandly in Xinjiekou Square, Nanjing. Dr. Sun Yat-sen is respected by the world and his great achievements include ( )

① Established the China Alliance ② Proposed the Three People's Principles ③ Personally launched the Wuchang Uprising ④ Established the Republic of China

A. ①②③ B. ①②④

C. ②③④ D. ①③④

3. (2009·Taizhou High School Entrance Examination) The following remarks reflect what the bourgeois revolutionaries advocate ( )

A. "Learn from the barbarians and develop skills to control the barbarians"

B． "If China wants to be independent, we must have revolution."

C. "Self-improvement is based on military training, and military training is based on making weapons first."

D. "Today in China, no one has shed blood due to the political reform. This is why the country is not prosperous."

4. Material analysis: The purpose of our revolution is to seek happiness for China. Because we don’t want the dictatorship of a few Manchus, we need national revolution; we don’t want the dictatorship of a single monarch, so we need political revolution; we don’t want the dictatorship of a few rich people, so we need social revolution. ——Sun Yat-sen

The Three People's Principles are the banner of the Revolution of 1911 led by Sun Yat-sen. Which sentence in the material embodies the "democracy" in the Three People's Principles? What major achievements did the Revolution of 1911 achieve?

Answer: "We don't want the monarch to be autocratic by one person, so we want political revolution."

The Revolution of 1911 overthrew the rule of the Qing Dynasty and ended our country's two thousand years of feudal monarchy, making the concept of a democratic republic deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.

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"Revolution of 1911" Revolution of 1911 and the establishment of the Republic of China PPT:

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Update Time: 2024-10-05

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