"The Rule of the Northern Song Dynasty" The coexistence of multi-ethnic regimes and social changes in the two Song Dynasties PPT courseware

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"The Rule of the Northern Song Dynasty" The coexistence of multi-ethnic regimes and social changes in the two Song Dynasties PPT courseware

learning target

1. Know how the Northern Song Dynasty was established, when it was established, who founded it and the capital.

2. Understand Song Taizu's measures to strengthen centralization and their impact.

3. Understand the policy of emphasizing literature over military affairs implemented by the Song Dynasty and its impact, and understand the development and role of the imperial examination system in the Song Dynasty.

4. Cultivate the ability to analyze and evaluate historical issues by studying the measures taken to strengthen the centralization system in the Northern Song Dynasty and their impact.

1. The establishment of the Song Dynasty

1. The establishment of the Northern Song Dynasty: In the year of _______, _______ (namely Taizu of the Song Dynasty) established the Song Dynasty and made _______ (also known as Tokyo, today's Kaifeng, Henan) as the capital. It was called the Northern Song Dynasty in history.

2. Unification: Song Taizu and his successors followed the policy of unifying the south first and then the north, ending the split and separatist situation of _____________.

2. Measures to strengthen centralization of power

military

control________. Weaken the military power of the generals and select the best soldiers from various states and towns into the Forbidden Army to strengthen the weak branches and defend the capital.

politics

Strengthen the monarchy. In the central government: Divide _______ into three agencies: administrative, military, and financial to strengthen centralization.

In local areas: the central government sends _______ to serve as magistrates, magistrates and other positions. Strengthen central control over _______.

economy

Centralize financial power. Establish ________ in local areas and collect local wealth to the central government.

3. The national policy of emphasizing culture over military affairs

1. Reason: The rulers learned from the historical lessons of _________’s tyranny leading to separatism and division, and established the national policy of “__________, suppressing military affairs”, advocating civilized governance, and giving preferential treatment to literati.

2. Performance: (1) Assign ________ to serve as magistrate of the state and manage the local area.

(2) Vigorously develop the ______ system and increase the number of admissions for imperial examinations.

(3) Pay attention to cultural and educational undertakings, establish ______ in the central government, set up state schools and county schools in local areas, and select academic officials from the imperial court to teach Confucianism.

Study 1: The establishment of the Northern Song Dynasty and the strengthening of centralization

Materials "The smokeless beacon is burning, and for fifty years, Chenqiao Station is draped with flags and crowns. The flags and crowns are draped to determine the country, and military power is given up in a glass of wine."

(1) In Material 1, what events do “draping flags and crowns at Chenqiao Station” and “giving away military power over a glass of wine” refer to?

Zhao Kuangyin seized the power of the Later Zhou Dynasty and established the Northern Song Dynasty.

Seize the military power of his generals.

Materials The political system of the Song Dynasty generally followed the political system of the Tang Dynasty, but the prime minister was no longer held by the governors of the three provinces. Instead, Tong Zhongshu Menxia Ping Zhangshi was appointed as the prime minister. The power of the prime minister in the Song Dynasty shrunk significantly, and he was only responsible for administrative functions. Therefore, the power of the prime minister was weakened and the imperial power was strengthened.

(1) After "abolition of military power over a glass of wine", what measures did Song Taizu take to strengthen centralization of power in the military?

Lift the military power of the generals of the Forbidden Army and firmly control the army; control the mobilization of the army; regularly change defenses and cut off the connection between the generals, soldiers and local areas.

(2) What political measures did Song Taizu take to strengthen centralization of power?

At the central level, the power of the prime minister was weakened; at the local level, civil servants were sent to serve as governors of various prefectures and counties, and local wealth was returned to the central government.

Thinking: What were the results and impacts of Song Taizu’s strengthening of centralization of power?

Results: The measures taken in the early Northern Song Dynasty to strengthen the centralization system eradicated the basis of feudal separatism, thus maintaining the unity and stability of the country and conducive to social and economic development.

Influence:

(1) Overlapping government agencies, redundant officials, and huge financial expenditures.

(2) The army's combat command is ineffective and its combat effectiveness is reduced.

(3) Local financial difficulties.

(4) It planted the root of poverty and weakness in the Northern Song Dynasty.

Exploration 2: The national policy of emphasizing culture over military affairs

Materials: Through reforms, the Northern Song Dynasty adopted the national policy of establishing a country based on literature and implemented civilian rule. Song Taizu regarded the imperial examination system as the basic system for talent selection.

Analyze what policies were implemented in the Northern Song Dynasty? What's the impact?

Policy of emphasizing culture over military force

The civil service politics of the Song Dynasty improved the overall cultural quality of the bureaucracy and played a positive role in the development of social civilization.

【1】The founders of the Northern Song Dynasty and their capitals are ( )

A. Abaoji, Shangjing

B． Zhao Kuangyin, Tokyo

C. Yuanhao, Xingqing

D. Zhao Gou, Lin'an

[2] During the Qin and Han Dynasties, the post of prime minister was held by one person. By the Sui and Tang Dynasties, all the chiefs of the three provinces were prime ministers. In the Northern Song Dynasty, there were more official positions equivalent to the prime minister. This phenomenon reflects ( )

A. The continuous strengthening of imperial power

B． The development of feudal democracy

C. The expansion of the prime minister's power

D. The central government strengthens its control over local governments

【3】“Since the Qin Dynasty, literary works flourished in the Song Dynasty.” This historical phenomenon occurs due to ( )

A. unified text

B． Respect Confucianism

C. Founded the imperial examination

D. Emphasize literature over martial arts

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"The Rule of the Northern Song Dynasty" The coexistence of multi-ethnic regimes and social changes in the two Song Dynasties PPT courseware 4:

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Update Time: 2024-09-05

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