"The Rule of the Northern Song Dynasty" The coexistence of multi-ethnic regimes and social changes in the two Song Dynasties PPT courseware 4

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"The Rule of the Northern Song Dynasty" The coexistence of multi-ethnic regimes and social changes in the two Song Dynasties PPT courseware 4

1. The establishment of the Northern Song Dynasty and the strengthening of centralization

1. The establishment of the Northern Song Dynasty

Time: 960

Founder: Zhao Kuangyin

Capital: Tokyo (now Kaifeng, Henan)

2. Measures to strengthen centralization of power

(1) Control of military power

Try to deprive senior generals of their military power, and select strong soldiers from the local army to form the Forbidden Army, which is directly controlled by the emperor.

(2) Strengthen monarchy

(1) In the central government, the power of the prime minister is divided into three. The prime minister is responsible for administration, the privy envoys are in charge of military affairs, and the three envoys manage finance. Administrative, military, and financial powers are separated, and their respective chiefs are responsible to the emperor.

(2) At the local level, the central government appointed civilian officials as prefects and prefects to manage local political affairs on behalf of Jiedushi, and implemented a three-year replacement system to prevent their power from becoming too powerful and difficult to control.

(3) Concentration of financial power

The power of the Jiedushi to collect taxes was abolished. Except for a part of the local financial revenue that was retained as necessary expenses, the rest was transported to the capital and collected by the central government.

2. The national policy of emphasizing culture over military affairs

1. Reason:

Rulers learn from the historical lessons of military commanders’ tyranny leading to separatism and division.

2. National policy:

"Promote culture and education, suppress martial arts"

3. Measures

(1) Select civilian officials to hold important positions at the central and local levels to suppress the power of military generals.

(2) Further develop the imperial examination system since the Sui and Tang Dynasties, tighten examination procedures, increase the number of admissions, and improve the status of Jinshi. The imperial examination became the main way to select officials in the Northern Song Dynasty.

(3) Emphasis on cultural and educational undertakings, setting up Imperial College in the central government, setting up state schools and county schools in local areas, and the imperial court selected academic officials to teach Confucianism.

4. Function

(1) Positive effects:

Strengthening the centralization of power, reemploying civil servants, and reducing the power of military generals have basically eliminated the hidden dangers of separatist vassal towns since the late Tang Dynasty, which is conducive to political stability and social and economic recovery and development.

(2) Negative effects:

This resulted in many shortcomings such as overlapping agencies, redundant officials, and ineffective military command.

summary:

In 960, Zhao Kuangyin established the Northern Song Dynasty and made Tokyo its capital, ending the division of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms. In order to consolidate their rule, the rulers of the Northern Song Dynasty took measures to strengthen centralization and established a national policy of emphasizing culture over military force.

1. The emperor who launched the "Chenqiao Mutiny and the Yellow Robe" was ( )

A. Yang Jian B. Zhao Kuangyin C. Li Shimin D. Zhu Di

2. What ended the division of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms was ( )

A.Liao B.Southern Song Dynasty C.Northern Song Dynasty D.Jin Dynasty

3. Which of the following statements about the imperial examination system in the Northern Song Dynasty is incorrect ( )

A. Carry out reforms in examination methods and implement a "name-blinding" system

B. The right to admit students is directly controlled by the emperor

C. The number of admissions has been reduced compared to the Tang Dynasty

D. Conducive to strengthening centralization

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"The Rule of the Northern Song Dynasty" The coexistence of multi-ethnic regimes and social changes in the two Song Dynasties PPT courseware 3:

"The Rule of the Northern Song Dynasty" The coexistence of multi-ethnic regimes and social changes in the two Song Dynasties PPT courseware 3 1. The establishment of the Northern Song Dynasty and the strengthening of centralization 1. The establishment of the Northern Song Dynasty: Time: 960 Characters: Zhao Kuangyin (Taizu of the Song Dynasty) Capital: Tokyo (today's Kaifeng) Event: Chenqiao Mutiny (..

"The Rule of the Northern Song Dynasty" The coexistence of multi-ethnic regimes and social changes in the two Song Dynasties PPT courseware 2:

"The Rule of the Northern Song Dynasty" The coexistence of multi-ethnic regimes and social changes in the two Song Dynasties PPT courseware 2 The establishment of the Northern Song Dynasty and the strengthening of centralization The establishment time of the Northern Song Dynasty: 960 Characters: Zhao Kuangyin Incident: Chenqiao Rebellion Capital: Kaifeng (Tokyo) Song Taizu and Song Dynasty Taizong adopted Xianyi...

"The Rule of the Northern Song Dynasty" The coexistence of multi-ethnic regimes and social changes in the two Song Dynasties PPT courseware:

"The Rule of the Northern Song Dynasty" The coexistence of multi-ethnic regimes and social changes in the two Song Dynasties PPT courseware Learning objectives 1. Know how the Northern Song Dynasty was established, when it was established, who founded it and the capital. 2. Understand Song Taizu's measures to strengthen centralization and their impact. 3． Understand the Chongwen implemented in the Song Dynasty..

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Update Time: 2024-09-09

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