"Era of Reform" Social Change in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period PPT Courseware 4

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"Era of Reform" Social Change in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period PPT Courseware 4

Reform background:

During the Warring States Period, because the old system could no longer adapt to the rapid changes in social economy, in order to ensure victory in the competition for land and population, various countries carried out reforms one after another. The purpose was to enrich the country and strengthen the people, so that their country could gain an advantageous position in the war for hegemony.

1. The needs of feudal economic development. With the development of productive forces, the feudal economy emerged and grew. As the representative of the feudal economy, the landlord class demanded the abolition of the privileges of the slave-owning aristocracy and established its own political dominance to better develop the feudal economy. Therefore, they all demanded reforms to reform the old system.

2. The realistic pressure of various countries competing for hegemony at that time. In order to be in a favorable position in the war for hegemony, monarchs of various countries took the initiative to follow the trend of social development and carried out some reforms that enriched the country and strengthened the people.

Li Kui's Reform in Wei State

Abolish the traditional hereditary official positions of nobles and select and appoint officials based on merit and talent;

Vigorously develop agricultural production, encourage farmers to work hard, and give full play to the effectiveness and potential of the land;

The "Dharma Sutra" was promulgated and the legal system was established.

The impact of Li Kui's reform: not only greatly developed the economy of Wei State, but also greatly enhanced the combat effectiveness of the army, making Wei State the number one power in the early years of the Warring States Period.

Wu Qi’s reforms in Chu State:

Abolish the privileges of the nobility, rectify the administration of officials, innovate politics, eliminate irrelevant officials, and use the saved expenses to raise troops.

The significance of Wu Qi's reforms: It enhanced the national strength of Chu State and initially changed the situation of "poor country and weak soldiers". This laid the foundation for the future expansion of the Chu State.

Shang Yang's Reform

1. Time: 356 BC

2. Character: Shang Yang (with the support of Duke Xiao of Qin)

3. Purpose: enrich the country and strengthen the army

Mr. Shang Yang, if our Qin country wants to be strong and prosperous, what are your countermeasures?

Back to your Majesty, I think these measures should be taken:

1. Establish household registration and strengthen criminal law.

2. Reward military merit;

3. Reward production;

4. Recognize the private ownership of land;

5. Implement the county system;

6. Unify weights and measures.

If you were a child of the poor in Qin, would you welcome reforms?

welcome.

① Because rewarding production mobilizes farmers’ enthusiasm for production;

②The establishment of the county system strengthens the centralization of power, is conducive to national stability, and allows farmers to stabilize production and life;

③Rewarding for military merit can encourage the children of the poor to reward military merit and become officials and knights.

If you are a child of a noble family, do you welcome reforms?

not welcome. Because of the measures to reward military merit, noble children without military merit lost their titles.

Shang Yang was finally torn apart by a chariot and died. Do you think Shang Yang's reform was successful?

It worked. The criterion for success or failure of a reform lies in whether the purpose of the reform is achieved. After the reform, Qin became rich and powerful, and its national power increased greatly, laying a solid foundation for the subsequent annexation of the six countries.

Enlightenment: Reform is the driving force for social progress, but reform is not always smooth sailing. We must be brave in reform and innovation like Shang Yang.

Although Shang Yang died, "Qin Fa was not defeated"

The nature and characteristics of Shang Yang's reform

The essence of Shang Yang's reform was a relatively thorough feudal reform initiated by the landlord class.

In 338 BC, Duke Xiao of Qin passed away and King Hui of Qin came to the throne. "The clan resented Yang Yang so much" that Shang Yang was killed. However, because the content of the reform conformed to the development of feudalism and historical trends, and the new law had been implemented for 18 years, "Qin women and babies all follow the laws of Shang Jun", so even though Shang Yang died, "Qin law has not been defeated."

Reasons for success: Qin Xiaogong’s support; Shang Yang’s firmness; people’s trust

Fundamental reason: Reform measures meet the requirements of the times

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For more information about the PPT courseware "Social Changes in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods and the Reform Era", please click on the Social Changes in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods ppt and the Reform Era ppt tag.

"The Era of Reform" Social Changes in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods PPT Courseware 3:

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Update Time: 2024-08-01

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