"British Industrial Revolution" The First Industrial Revolution and the International Workers' Movement PPT Courseware 3

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"British Industrial Revolution" The First Industrial Revolution and the International Workers' Movement PPT Courseware 3

Think about answering questions:

1. What was the outcome of the Opium War? What truth does it make us understand?

2. Please briefly analyze the reasons for this result.

(1) China’s feudal system is decadent and backward, and its governance is corrupt; Britain is in a period of rising capitalism.

(2) Arms are slack and peace and war are uncertain.

(3) Weapons and equipment are backward.

3. What power does a sailboat use?

4. What is the power used by British warships?

So, why was Britain more advanced than China at that time?

Established the capitalist system and completed the industrial revolution

In the second half of the 18th century, a completely different revolution took place in Britain. It did not involve a life-and-death struggle, but a peaceful revolution that completely changed people's production and lifestyle. This revolution is the "industrial revolution".

definition

Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution is a huge and profound transformation in production technology and social economy. It is a process of systematically replacing manual labor with machine production. It is a revolution that has undergone profound changes in both productivity and production relations!

The essence of the industrial revolution

It is the process of systematically replacing manual labor with machine production.

Factory: Mainly producing large machines.

Factory: Based on manual labor.

Thinking: Where is the technological breakthrough of Jenny Machine? What impact did it have on the Industrial Revolution?

Breakthrough: Realizing multi-spindle spinning.

Impact: The invention of a series of working machines that led to the field of cotton textile production and other production sectors was the beginning of the Industrial Revolution.

What powered machines at the beginning of the Industrial Revolution?

Wind power, human power, animal power, water power

What are the shortcomings of "water power" as the main power source?

The factory must be located in a river valley with rapid water flow; transportation is inconvenient and it is far away from the raw material production areas and sales markets.

Therefore, improvements in power units are imperative.

Watt's improved steam engine

1. Which department should it be applied to first?

2. Which industries has it revolutionized?

3. What is the status?

4. What’s the significance?

5. Factory location problem?

Transportation industry:

①.1807 steamship (Fulton, United States);

②.Steam locomotive in 1814 (English, Stephenson);

③.In 1825, Britain built the world's first railway.

The completion of the British Industrial Revolution

Time of completion: first half of the 19th century

Completion mark: Large machine production has basically replaced manual labor and become the main form of industrial production.

power enhanced:

What impact did the first industrial revolution have on China?

(1) [Negative aspects] After the completion of the Industrial Revolution, the European and American powers launched two Opium Wars and passed a series of unequal treaties, which facilitated capitalist economic plunder, hindered the development of Chinese capitalism and the progress of Chinese society, and made China step forward. It gradually became a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society.

(ii) [Positive aspects] But objectively, it also brought advanced capitalism to China. Modern industry emerged. China began to learn from Western advanced science and technology and began the modernization process.

What are the characteristics of the Industrial Revolution?

1. Most of the inventors are ordinary workers and technicians with practical experience;

2. It first occurred in the United Kingdom, and the development process in other countries was relatively slow.

3. Mainly in the light industry sector.

4. Bring mankind into the "steam age".

Impact of the Industrial Revolution

① It laid a solid material foundation for the new capitalist system and promoted European and American countries to achieve industrialization and transform from agricultural countries to industrial countries. [Influence on European and American countries]

② It provides a historical opportunity for the UK to take advantage of its first-mover advantage in industrialization and establish its status as the "world's factory". [Impact on the UK]

③The industrial revolution brought progress and happiness to mankind, but also caused mankind to face new contradictions and challenges.

Training ground:

1. Do you know that the beginning of the industrial revolution is marked by:

A. The invention and use of improved steam engines

B. The invention and use of shuttle

C. The invention and use of the Jenny machine

D. The invention and use of hydraulic looms

2. In the British Industrial Revolution, the invention and use of machines first appeared in

A. Cotton textile industry B. Mining industry

C. Metallurgical industry D. Transportation industry

3.The industrial revolution was

A. Major changes in the replacement of the feudal system by the capitalist system

B. Major changes in the replacement of natural economy by commodity economy

C. Major changes in the replacement of manual labor by machine production

D. Major changes in the employment relationship replacing the dependency relationship

12. From the 1860s to the 1880s, what revolutions broke out in Europe and the United States on both sides of the Atlantic? What are the landmark events that started it?

During the British Industrial Revolution, bourgeois revolutions "accompanied by the flash of swords and bloody storms" broke out in other countries and regions. Which of the following are:

①British bourgeois revolution

② American Revolutionary War

③The French Revolution

④Revolution of 1911

⑤ Napoleon’s foreign wars

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"British Industrial Revolution" The First Industrial Revolution and the International Workers' Movement PPT Courseware 2:

"British Industrial Revolution" The First Industrial Revolution and the International Workers' Movement PPT Courseware 2 Recall: What is the meaning of the Industrial Revolution? The Industrial Revolution was a period in which machine production replaced manual labor in some major capitalist countries in Europe and the United States from the mid-18th to the 19th century.

"British Industrial Revolution" The First Industrial Revolution and the International Workers' Movement PPT courseware:

"British Industrial Revolution" PPT courseware for the first industrial revolution and the international workers' movement [Learning Objectives] 1. Tell the story of the invention of the Jenny machine and understand that the British Industrial Revolution began with the invention of a series of working machines. 2. Know the historical facts of Watt’s improvement of the steam engine, and understand steam...

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Update Time: 2024-07-08

This template belongs to History courseware East China Normal University Edition Ninth Grade History Volume 1 industry PPT template

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