"The Unification of the Yuan Dynasty" PPT courseware 3 during the Song and Yuan Dynasties

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"The Unification of the Yuan Dynasty" PPT courseware 3 during the Song and Yuan Dynasties

Yuan Dynasty destroyed Southern Song Dynasty

Wen Tianxiang Temple, also known as Wen Prime Minister Temple. Located in Fuxue Hutong, Dongcheng District, it was built in the Ming and Qing dynasties to commemorate Wen Tianxiang, the anti-Yuan hero of the Southern Song Dynasty, by expanding and renovating the site of the earthen prison where Wen Tianxiang was imprisoned. It still maintains the architectural style of the Ming Dynasty. It was opened to the public in October 1984.

In 1278, Wen Tianxiang was defeated and captured. He was taken to Dadu and imprisoned in the military turret for four years. In prison, he wrote the immortal "Song of Righteousness", which expressed Wen Tianxiang's national integrity with awe-inspiring righteousness.

The ancestral hall is located in the south and consists of three parts: the gate, the hall and the main room, covering an area of ​​nearly 600 square meters. Some precious cultural relics from the original ancestral hall are preserved in the main hall. On the front of the indoor screen is Mao Zedong's handwriting "Since ancient times, no one has ever died, leaving his loyal heart to illuminate Han Qing", and on the back is the full text of "Song of Righteousness" written by Wen Tianxiang. There is still a jujube tree in the backyard, which is said to have been planted by Wen Tianxiang himself while he was imprisoned. The tree's tilted body to the south symbolizes Wen Tianxiang's spirit of "the heart of an minister is like a magnetic needle, and he will never stop until he points to the right direction."

Standing in front of the hall and paying homage to the heroes, we can deeply appreciate the national integrity of "wealth and honor cannot be promiscuous, and power cannot be subjugated".

provincial system

Yuanda was a famous big city in the world at that time. The South City Wall is slightly south of Chang'an Street in the east and west of Beijing today, and the East and West City Walls are the east and west walls of the inner city of Beijing in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

The Yuan Dynasty established the Penghu Inspection Department to govern Penghu and Taiwan.

This is an important symbol of the Chinese central government's administrative management of Taiwan.

The Xuanzhengyuan governs Tibet

In 1260, Emperor Kublai Khan of the Yuan Dynasty appointed Phagpa, the king of the Sakya sect of Tibetan Buddhism, as his national preceptor. In 1264, Kublai Khan established the Zongzhiyuan and ordered Pasiba to serve as a national advisor and lead the affairs of the academy. Under the General System Yuan (later changed to the Xuanzheng Yuan), there was the "Marshal Xuanfu Sidu Mansion", which was responsible for handling and administering military and political affairs in most areas of Tibet today. The Xuanwei Envoy has jurisdiction over the Wanhu Prefecture and the Thousand Household Office, which manage civil affairs. In 1269, Kublai Khan named Phagpa the Dharma King and Imperial Master, and through Phagpa's recommendation, he appointed the chief executive in charge of Tibetan affairs and the heads of 13 households in the 10,000 households. After that, the central government of the Yuan Dynasty sent officials three times to conduct household registration checks in Tibet, and also set up 15 post stations in Tibet to form a transportation line to Dadu (today's Beijing), and promoted and established the "Ula" (meaning corvee) in Tibet. , errand) system.

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Update Time: 2024-06-28

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