"The Replacement of Three Ancient Dynasties" PPT Courseware of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties

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"The Replacement of Three Ancient Dynasties" PPT Courseware of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties

Pre-study thinking (complete the pre-study tutorial before class)

1. 1. Three Ancient Dynasties 1300

2. Xia Dynasty

3. Yin Pan Geng moved to Yin

4. 1046 Makino Pickaxe Western Zhou Dynasty

2. 1. (1) Rule (2) Grant the people and territory

(3) Guard the territory, send troops to serve the king, and pay tribute

Regularly meet with the King of Zhou to report on his duties Rule of power

(4) Expand the territory and improve the power of the Zhou royal family

2. Blood relationship, eldest son, feudal system, patriarchal system

1. Changes in Xia, Shang and Zhou

Xia, Shang and Zhou are the earliest dynasties in Chinese history, known as the "Three Ancient Dynasties" (starting in about 21st century BC and ending with the fall of the Western Zhou Dynasty in 771 BC, which lasted for more than 1,300 years)

three ancient times

Xia In the 21st century BC, Qi established the first dynasty in Chinese history.

The Shang Dynasty was established in the 16th century BC. It was the first dynasty in Chinese history that was confirmed by unearthed texts. After "Pangeng moved to Yin", the country became increasingly powerful.

Western Zhou Dynasty: King Wu of Zhou defeated Zhou in 1046 BC. After the "Battle of Muye", the Zhou Dynasty was established and its capital was Hao (now An, Shaanxi). It was called "Western Zhou" in history.

The establishment of the Xia Dynasty

The Xia Dynasty was the first dynasty in our country. It ruled for more than 400 years. The last king was very cruel and led to its demise. Can you write his name? Can you name his atrocities?

Around the 21st century BC, Qi established the Xia Dynasty, and its main ruling areas were in today's western Henan and southern Shanxi.

The demise of the Xia Dynasty

According to legend, the Xia Dynasty established its capital in Yangcheng, and today western Henan and southern Shanxi are its centers of activity. The Xia Dynasty lasted for 13 generations, 16 kings, and more than 400 years of history. Its last king, Jie, implemented tyranny, which led to the demise of the Xia Dynasty (16th century BC)

Establishment of the Shang Dynasty (16th century BC)

In the early Shang Dynasty, the capital was moved several times. Around the 14th century BC, King Pan Geng of Shang moved his capital to Yin (now northwest of Anyang, Henan). Since then, Shang's capital has stabilized, its national power has become increasingly strong, and its economy and culture have developed greatly.

Status: The Shang Dynasty was the first dynasty in Chinese history to be confirmed by unearthed texts.

The demise of the Shang Dynasty

main performance:

First, extravagance, debauchery, and excess;

Second, severe punishments and laws were used to suppress people's resistance.

Establishment of the Western Zhou Dynasty (1046 BC)

Think about it:

If you were the king of Zhou at that time, who would you find as kings of the vassal states to help you manage your vast territory?

Definition of enfeoffment:

In order to control the vast areas of the country, the King of Zhou allowed his children, relatives and heroes, as well as some descendants of ancient emperors, to establish feudal states in various places. This system was historically called enfeoffment.

The fall of the Western Zhou Dynasty: (11 generations and 12 kings, lasting 270 years)

King You of Zhou (faint king) "played with the princes with beacon fire"

Quanrong (ethnic minority)

Established in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty:

In 770 BC, King Ping of Zhou moved the capital to Luoyi (now northeast of Luoyang, Henan), which was called the Eastern Zhou Dynasty.

AD Calendar (See page 27 of the textbook)

Our country now adopts the world-wide AD chronology, which uses the first year of the AD as the year mark. Before that, it was called the year BC, and after that, it was called the year AD. Every 10 years is called an "age" and every 100 years is called a "century."

About the calculation method of AD era

Century: 100 years for a century, plus 1 in front of the hundred digit

Example: 221 BC (the establishment of the Qin Dynasty), 2+1=3, which is the 3rd century BC;

Era: every 10 years

Early period (early period): first two decades of the century First half of the century: first 50 years of the century

Middle period: 1940s-1960s Second half: 1950s

Interval calculation:

1. Both are BC or both are AD:

Calculation method: Direct numerical subtraction

Example: Confucius was born in 551 BC and died in 479 BC. How many years did he live?

551-479=72 years (years)

2. One BC, one AD:

Calculation method: Add the values ​​and then subtract 1.

Example: How many years since 1046 BC: 1046+2016-1=3061 years

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Update Time: 2024-07-29

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