"Ideology, Culture and Technology in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period" PPT Courseware 3 during the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties

Description

"Ideology, Culture and Technology in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period" PPT Courseware 3 during the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties

learning target

1. Knowledge goals:

Understand the Confucian school founded by Confucius and Confucius' educational thoughts; understand the basic historical facts of Laozi, Mozi, Han Fei, Zhuangzi, Mencius and other scholars and the "Hundred Schools of Thought"; understand the relevant historical facts of Dujiangyan.

2. Capability goals:

Analyze the historical background of "A Hundred Schools of Thought" and "A Hundred Schools of Thought Contend", compare Confucianism, Taoism and Legalism, and cultivate students' analytical and comparative abilities.

3. Emotional goals:

Understand that Confucius is a great thinker and educator in ancient my country. His Confucianism, after being transformed and applied by successive rulers, occupies a dominant position in traditional Chinese culture and has a great influence on later generations.

1. "Hundred schools of thought"

The formation of the situation of "a hundred schools of thought contending"

What is "a hundred schools of thought contending"? How did the situation of "a hundred schools of thought contend" come about?

1. Confucianism

(1) Confucius

What kind of person do you know Confucius is?

Confucius, named Qiu and courtesy name Zhongni, was a native of Qufu, State of Lu during the Spring and Autumn Period. Confucius is the founder of Confucianism. He is a great thinker and educator who has great influence in China and the world.

Discuss

Can you tell us the story of "tyranny is stronger than tigers"?

What thoughts of Confucius does this story reflect?

Ideology: Promote "benevolence" and "propriety"

The core of Confucianism is "benevolence". What is the main meaning of "benevolence"? do you know?

"Benevolence" is the principle of life, requiring love and compassion, but love and compassion must abide by the norms of "propriety". "Etiquette" is a code of conduct that embodies the hierarchical order.

Confucius called the highest state of life "the golden mean", that is, being impartial and keeping everyone in their proper place. What he yearns for is the ancient world of great harmony.

"Benevolence" includes various connotations such as respect, tolerance, trust, sensitivity, benefit, righteousness, wisdom, courage, studiousness, love for others, self-restraint and etiquette, and a heart that respects oneself and others.

Reading and Thinking

What do you think after learning the relevant knowledge about "Confucius' lifelong efforts"? Today, more than two thousand years later, how do you understand the need for lifelong learning?

Thoughts: Confucius became a great thinker and educator, which was the result of his unremitting efforts throughout his life. If a person wants to achieve a certain career, he must study hard, keep learning, and learn for life.

Understanding: Today's society is changing and advancing by leaps and bounds. Only lifelong learning can keep up with the pace of the times and never fall behind.

(2) Mencius

Era: Warring States Period.

Main ideas: "Benevolent government", advocating "the people are more important than the king"; attaching importance to the role of people, believing that "the weather is not as good as the right place, and the right place is not as good as the people", "wealth cannot be licentious, poverty cannot be moved, and power cannot bend".

Thoughts and Discussions

How should we promote the awe-inspiring righteousness in today's society that "wealth and honor cannot be promiscuous, poverty and lowliness cannot be moved, and power cannot be subjugated"?

No matter what the circumstances, no matter what changes occur, the basic principles of life cannot be changed.

2. Taoism

(1) Lao Tzu

Introduction: The founder of Taoism is Laozi (also known as Li Er), who wrote the book "Laozi" (also known as "The Tao Te Ching").

Thoughts: simple dialectics; advocating conforming to nature and "governing by doing nothing"; yearning for a social life of "a small country with few people".

(2) Zhuangzi

The era: the middle period of the Warring States Period.

Main idea: further develop Laozi's "inaction" thought into equalizing all things and myself, equalizing right and wrong, equalizing life and death, equalizing big and small, and equaling noble and inferior, in order to achieve a state where "heaven and earth coexist with me, and all things are one with me".

3. Legalism——Han Fei

(1) The master of Legalist theory was ______ at the end of ______, and his work was ______.

(2) His propositions include:

History is ____________;

emphasize____________;

Advocate ____________.

4. Mohism—Mozi

(1) The founder of Mohism, a native of the Song Dynasty during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Mohism and Confucianism are both known as the "explicit schools" among the schools of thought.

(2) Main ideas: advocates "non-offensive" and "universal love" and opposes unjust wars; advocates "promoting talents" and opposes nepotism; advocates "thrift" and opposes luxury and waste.

2. Dujiangyan

Reason for construction: Chengdu Plain is often hit by floods and droughts

Host: Li Bing, Governor of Shu County, Qin State

Location: Dujiangyan City, north of Chengdu, Sichuan

Function: flood control, water storage, irrigation

Meaning: Turn the Chengdu Plain into fertile fields

Classroom drill

1. The founder of Confucianism is ( )

A.Lao Tzu

B. Mencius

C.Confucius

D.Xunzi

2. The thinker who put forward the view that "the people are more important than the monarch" is ( )

A.Lao Tzu

B. Mencius

C.Confucius

D.Xunzi

3. Which of the following opinions does not belong to Han Fei ( )

A. Oppose unjust wars

B. Reforms should be carried out according to actual needs

C. Power should be concentrated in the hands of the monarch

D. Rule the country by law

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"Ideology, Culture and Technology in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period" PPT Courseware 2 of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties:

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"Ideology, Culture and Technology in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period" PPT courseware during the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties:

"Ideology, Culture and Technology in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period" PPT courseware for the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties. Read the book with questions: 1. What are the Hundred Schools of Thought? 2. How did the situation of contention among a hundred schools of thought come about? 3. What is the background of this situation? Read and answer quickly: 1. The founding of Taoism..

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Update Time: 2024-07-06

This template belongs to History courseware East China Normal University Edition Seventh Grade History Volume 1 industry PPT template

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