"British Bourgeois Revolution" Great Social Changes in Major European and American Countries PPT Courseware 2

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"British Bourgeois Revolution" Great Social Changes in Major European and American Countries PPT Courseware 2

Review questions:

(1) What kind of cultural movement is the Renaissance?

(2) What is the guiding ideology of the Renaissance?

(3) What are the representative figures and works of the Renaissance?

(4) What are the impacts of the opening of new routes?

Bourgeois revolution:

The purpose of the democratic revolution led by the bourgeoisie was to oppose the feudal system, establish the dictatorship of the bourgeoisie, and clear obstacles to the development of capitalism. It usually ends with the bourgeoisie seizing power. The result was that the dictatorship of the landlord class was replaced by the dictatorship of the bourgeoisie, and the feudal system was replaced by the capitalist system.

1. Reasons for the outbreak of the British bourgeois revolution

The opening of new shipping routes

Shifting European economic center of gravity

Capitalism develops rapidly (situation)

The growth of the bourgeoisie

The emergence (composition) of the new aristocracy

Fundamental reason: Feudal autocratic rule seriously hindered the further development of British capitalism

The course of the British bourgeois revolution

The Trigger: The Scottish People's Revolt

Outbreak: 1640 Parliament convenes

Initiating the Civil War: Charles I

Charles I was guillotined in 1649

The Republic is established and Cromwell becomes Lord Protector.

Restoration of feudal dynasty

The Palace Coup of 1688 (also known as the "Glorious Revolution")

summary

root cause

The autocratic rule of the feudal dynasty hindered

The development of British capitalism

Main process

The Trigger: The Scottish People's Revolt

Sign of the outbreak: Parliament convened (1640)

The initial victory of the revolution: Charles I was executed in 1649 and the Republic was established.

Cromwell's Dictatorship and the Stuart Restoration

Glorious Revolution (1688)

Enactment of the Bill of Rights (1689)

Influence

It was an important revolution in human society from feudalism to capitalism.

Overthrew the feudal autocratic monarchy, established the dominance of the bourgeoisie, and cleared the path for capitalist development.

Promoted the process of world history

The tortuous and incomplete nature of the revolution

At that time, the development of British capitalism was in the period of handicraft industry. Judging from the comparison of class forces, feudal power is still greater than the power of the bourgeoisie, which determines the tortuous and incomplete nature of the British bourgeois revolution.

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Update Time: 2024-10-01

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