"The First Industrial Revolution" Consolidation and Expansion of Bourgeois Rule PPT Courseware

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"The First Industrial Revolution" Consolidation and Expansion of Bourgeois Rule PPT Courseware

What is the Industrial Revolution? In which country did the Industrial Revolution first begin?

The industrial revolution is also called the industrial revolution. It is a leap in capitalism from the stage of factory handicraft industry to the stage of large-scale machine production. It is a major change in the field of production and a revolution in social relations.

First country to start: UK

Time: Mid-18th century to mid-to-late 19th century

Outbreak: Caused by a series of innovations in production technology.

First invention: Jenny machine

The greatest invention: Watt's improved steam engine

Transportation: Stephenson invented the train

1. The Process of the Industrial Revolution

Time: 1860s

(1) Technological innovation in cotton textile industry

Why did the first industrial revolution first appear in the cotton textile industry?

As an emerging industrial sector, the cotton textile industry is free from the constraints of old traditions and guilds, making it easy to carry out technological innovation and competition. Cotton textiles are cheaper and have greater market demand.

2. The Process of the Industrial Revolution

1. Inventions in the field of cotton textiles in England in the 18th century

Britain's major inventions in the field of cotton textiles greatly promoted the development of productivity, but what were the limitations of the use of these machines?

All are limited by natural conditions (manpower or hydraulic power)

James Watt (1736-1819) was a famous British inventor and an important figure in the Industrial Revolution. In 1785, he improved the steam engine and began to use it as a power machine for textiles. He invented the air pressure gauge and the steam-operated hammer. Widely used in industry, he ushered in a new era of energy utilization for mankind. In order to commemorate him, future generations call the unit of power watt.

2. Power field: Watt’s improved steam engine

It greatly promoted the invention and use of machines, and the Industrial Revolution entered a new stage of development - the "Steam Age"

3. Development of transportation industry

In 1814, the Englishman Stephenson invented the first steam locomotive, the "Traveler". This locomotive kept emitting fire from the chimney as it moved forward, so it was called the "train".

Selected Exercises

1. The world's first industrial country was ( )

A. United States B. United Kingdom C. France D. Spain

2. The improved steam engine made by Watt was put into use when ( )

A. 1640 B. 1757 C. 1785 D. 1840

3. Among the following machines and means of transportation, which ones appeared in the 18th and 19th centuries ( )

①Train ②Steamboat ③Water-powered spinning machine ④Mule machine

⑤Aircraft ⑥Jenny ⑦Space Shuttle ⑧Hydrofoil

A、①②⑥⑦⑧　B、③④⑤⑥⑦

C. ①②③④⑥ D. ②④⑤⑦⑧

4． The industrial revolution first occurred in ( )

A. Cotton textile industry B. Wool textile industry C. Linen textile industry D. Silk textile industry

5. Steam engines were used to drive machines and brought humans into the world ( )

A. Water Conservancy Age B. Steam Age C. Electric Age D. Electricity Age

Material 1: Before the Industrial Revolution, Britain's rural population accounted for 70% of the country's total population, which dropped to 22% in 1841. The urban population is growing rapidly and large cities are increasing. Society is increasingly divided into two opposing classes - the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. The contradictions and struggles between the two classes are becoming increasingly acute. �

Material 2: The Industrial Revolution made European and American capitalist countries into powerful industrial countries. These countries have stepped up their colonial expansion in Asia, Africa and Latin America, plundering raw materials and dumping goods, deepening local poverty and backwardness. At the same time, advanced production technologies and production methods were spread to all parts of the world, impacting the old systems in these regions.

Please complete:

(1) Summarize the impact of the industrial revolution reflected in Materials 1 and 2 respectively.

The Industrial Revolution introduced labor from rural areas to cities and started the process of urbanization; the Industrial Revolution caused major changes in social relations.

(2) What impact did the Industrial Revolution bring to China in the mid-19th century?

(1) The Industrial Revolution turned European and American capitalist countries into powerful industrial countries; these countries intensified their plunder and exploitation of Asia, Africa and Latin America, which not only deepened local poverty and backwardness, but also impacted the old systems of these regions.

(2) After Britain, France and other countries completed the Industrial Revolution, they launched two Opium Wars to invade China, and China began to become a semi-colonial and semi-feudal country.

1. 1. British Industrial Revolution (Industrial Revolution: A revolution in which large machines replaced manual production.)

①Time: 1860s---the first half of the 19th century.

②The first industry to occur: cotton textile industry.

③The first machine: hand-operated "Spinning Jenny" (1765 Hargreaves)

④Power: Watt’s improved steam engine (successfully developed by Watt in 1782)

⑤Heavy Industry: With the widespread application of steam engines, mankind has entered the "Steam Age"

Transportation: The advent of ships and trains

The world's first steam locomotive: 1814 Stephenson (British)

⑥Completion mark: Making machines with machines marks the completion of the industrial revolution

2. The impact of the industrial revolution:

①Promoted the development of productive forces ②Created two opposing classes (proletariat and bourgeoisie)

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"The First Industrial Revolution" PPT teaching courseware:

"The First Industrial Revolution" PPT teaching courseware Part 1: Introduction of new lessons Engels said: When the revolutionary storm swept across France, Britain was undergoing a relatively quiet change but its power was not weakened. What does this change mean? Industrial Revolution ..

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"The First Industrial Revolution" PPT courseware download Part One: Create situations and introduce new lessons: Ask questions: What kind of machine is this? Who is the inventor? What period is it from? The picture shows the earliest train locomotive in the world. Its inventor was the British...

"The First Industrial Revolution" PPT download:

"The First Industrial Revolution" PPT Download Part One: New Lesson Introduction Engels said: When the revolutionary storm swept across France, Britain was undergoing a relatively quiet change but its power was not weakened. What does this change mean? Industrial Revolution ... ..

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Update Time: 2024-09-30

This template belongs to History courseware Zhonghua Book Company Edition Ninth Grade History Volume 1 industry PPT template

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