"Shang Yang's Reform and the Construction of Dujiangyan" The emergence of the state and social changes - Xia, Shang and Zhou PPT courseware

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"Shang Yang's Reform and the Construction of Dujiangyan" The emergence of the state and social changes - Xia, Shang and Zhou PPT courseware

The trend of the times of competing reforms

1. Wei State——Li Kui

2. Chu State——Wu Qi

3. South Korea——Shen Buhai

4. Qi State——Zou Ji

5. Qin State——Shang Yang

Shang Yang’s reform had the most far-reaching impact

1. Background of the Reform

1. In the early Warring States period, Qin fell behind the other six countries in terms of economy, politics, and culture.

2. Qin Xiaogong succeeded to the throne and was determined to reform and become stronger.

3. Shang Yang came to Qin from Wei: he was appreciated by Qin Xiaogong

4. The reforms in various countries during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods provided experiences and lessons for Qin.

5. Shang Yang’s debate with the old aristocrats and conservatives publicized the necessity of reform and cleared the way for reform.

2. Contents of the Reform

Politics: weaken the privileges of the nobility and strengthen centralization of power

Delineate 20 levels of titles from top to bottom and reward military merits

The country is divided into 31 counties. The counties are directly under the central government, and the county magistrates (chiefs) are directly appointed and removed by the monarch. Abolition of feudalism

Improved the combat effectiveness of the army and strengthened centralization of power

Economy Vigorously develop the social economy based on agriculture

Abolish state ownership of land, implement private ownership of land, and land can be bought and sold

Reward farmers and weavers and crack down on speculators

Unify weights and measures

Establishing feudal land ownership promoted economic development

3. Impact of the Reform

positive effects

① For the Qin State: It attacked the old slave-owning aristocracy and strengthened the centralization of power; promoted the development of the feudal economy and enhanced national power; strengthened its military power;

② Regarding historical development: It was the most thorough reform during the Warring States Period, which had the effect of enriching the country and strengthening the army. It laid the foundation for Qin Shihuang to unify the six countries, and also had a profound impact on later generations.

negative impacts

Severe punishments (heavy fines for misdemeanors, consecutive imprisonment)

cultural despotism

Emphasis on agriculture and suppression of commerce

The content and significance of Shang Yang's Reform

Why was Shang Yang's reform successful?

1) The reform meets the requirements of the emerging landlord class and conforms to the trend of historical development.

2) Shang Yang’s correct decision-making and determination to reform, not fearing the powerful and enforcing the law like a mountain

3) Qin Xiaogong’s strong support

4) The reform builds credibility and prestige among the people and is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people

5) Legalist thought laid the ideological and theoretical foundation for the reform

strongly oppose. This reform was obviously Shang Yang's challenge to the nobility. Many of the reforms would lead to the destruction of the slave-owning aristocracy. The abolition of the Shiqing Shilu system had already greatly affected the privileges of the nobility, and the abolition of the Jingtian system would further The aristocracy was pushed to destruction, so Shang Yang's reforms must be blocked at all costs.

Great support. Because Shang Yang "abolished the minefields and opened the borders to open borders", he recognized the legality of private land ownership and promoted the development of the landlord economy. Abolish the Shiqing Shilu system and reward military merit so that we can have the opportunity to participate in political power. It can be said that the landlord class is the beneficiary of this reform, so it will definitely support it vigorously.

Warring States Period

The results of reforms in various countries

1. What system has been gradually established?

feudal system

2. Which class replaced the rule of the slave-owning aristocracy?

landlord class

3. What are the main contradictions in society?

landlord class and peasant class

4. What kind of society was formed in our country?

Feudal society

The feudal system was established:

During the Warring States Period, various countries passed reforms and the feudal system was gradually established. The rule of the landowning class replaced the rule of the slave-owning aristocracy. The contradiction between the landlord class and the peasants became the main contradiction in society. The feudal society of our country was formed.

primitive society

Peking Man, Banpo Hemudu, Yellow Emperor Yandi, Yao and Shun

slave society

Xia, Shang, Western Zhou, Spring and Autumn Period

Feudal society

Warring States, Qin and Han - Ming and Qing Dynasties

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Update Time: 2024-07-04

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