"The Rise and Decline of the Eastern Han Dynasty" The establishment of a unified country - Qin and Han PPT courseware 2

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"The Rise and Decline of the Eastern Han Dynasty" The establishment of a unified country - Qin and Han PPT courseware 2

Course standard requirements:

Learn about the establishment of the Eastern Han Dynasty.

I know the social unrest caused by the exclusive power of relatives and eunuchs in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

(1) Guangwu Zhongxing

1. The demise of the Western Han Dynasty: Reasons: In the late Western Han Dynasty, the ruling class was corrupt, land annexation was serious, the polarization between the rich and the poor was intensified, social unrest occurred, relatives seized power and established a new dynasty, and the Western Han Dynasty perished. But Wang Mang's regime was quickly overthrown by a peasant uprising.

2. The Eastern Han Dynasty was established: time______; founder______; capital______.

3. Emperor Guangwu’s measures to consolidate his rule: ______; ______.

4. Emperor Guangwu of the Han Dynasty ______ after the establishment of the Eastern Han Dynasty, he liberated slaves, checked household registration fields, and rectified the administration of officials. During his rule, the society was stable and the economic situation improved significantly. It was called ______ in history.

The demise of the Western Han Dynasty

The rule of the Western Han Dynasty lasted for more than 200 years. After Emperor Wu died of illness, Emperor Zhao, Emperor Xuan, Emperor Yuan, Emperor Cheng, Emperor Ai, and Emperor Ping were either young masters or weak emperors, which led to the power of their relatives and the decline of the Western Han Empire. In the later period, land annexation was serious, the polarization between rich and poor intensified, and social unrest , the country is in crisis.

In 9 AD, Wang Mang deposed the Western Han emperor, established the "New Dynasty", and implemented a series of retro reforms. Such unrealistic changes caused social chaos. Less than sixteen years later, Wang Mang was overthrown by a peasant uprising.

Liu Xiu, a large landowner in Nanyang, first used the power of the peasant army to oppose Wang Mang's rule and reestablish the Han Dynasty, known as the Eastern Han Dynasty in history. Then he gradually eliminated the peasant army and separatist forces in various places to achieve national unification.

Compare the similarities and differences between "Guangwu Zhongxing" and "Wenjing's rule"

Similar points: ① From a background perspective, they all appeared in the context of peasant uprisings that overthrew the previous dynasty's rule, and the ruling class learned the lessons of the previous dynasty's demise. ② In terms of content, the ruling class paid attention to adjusting its ruling policies, such as easing corvee and reducing taxes, reducing the burden on farmers, reducing or abolishing penalties, and promoting frugality. ③ Judging from the results, they all show a situation of political clarity, social stability, economic development, and strong national strength.

Differences: ① Different ruling ideas. Emperor Wen and Emperor Jing pursued the idea of ​​"governing by doing nothing" and implemented a policy of recuperation and recuperation; Emperor Guangwu focused on civil governance, and Confucianism dominated. ②The content is different. Emperor Guangwu Liu Xiu rectified the officialdom and severely punished corrupt officials. This was not the case in Wenjing's reign.

Discuss

The Western Han Dynasty saw the prosperous period of "Wen and Jing's rule"; the Eastern Han Dynasty saw the prosperity of "Guangwu Zhongxing". Discussion: What are the common reasons for the prosperity of ancient times?

Common reasons for the prosperity of ancient times:

(1) Rulers are good at learning lessons from the demise of previous dynasties;

(2) Adjust the ruling policy and reduce corvee and tax;

(3) Rulers are good at employing people;

(4) Rulers strengthen centralization of power, maintain national unity, and adhere to effective policies for a long time.

2. The decline of the Eastern Han Dynasty

Reason: Weakness of imperial power and chaos in government

Performance

1. Serious land annexation

2. Famous bureaucratic clans have held power for generations

3. Big landowners are wealthy and have private armed forces

4. Peasant uprising broke out (Yellow Turban Uprising)

expand and understand

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——A.D. chronology

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"The Rise and Decline of the Eastern Han Dynasty" The establishment of a unified country - Qin and Han PPT courseware:

"The Rise and Decline of the Eastern Han Dynasty" The Establishment of the Unified State of the Qin and Han Dynasties PPT Courseware 1. The Destruction of the Western Han Dynasty and the Establishment of the New Dynasty (1) The reasons for the destruction of the Western Han Dynasty: the rulers were weak and incompetent, political corruption; foreign relatives had exclusive power, and serious land annexation ; Refugee riots increased sharply, and society...

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Update Time: 2024-07-02

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