"The Beginning of Japan's War of Aggression against China" China's Anti-Japanese War and the World Anti-Fascist War PPT

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"The Beginning of Japan's War of Aggression against China" China's Anti-Japanese War and the World Anti-Fascist War PPT

Part One: Knowledge Review:

1. How did Japan embark on the path of capitalism and gradually become stronger?

2. Did the capitalist economic crisis of 1929-1933 affect Japan? How does Japan want to get out of this economic crisis?

3. What aggressive wars has Japan launched against China?

Japan’s previous aggressive activities against China:

(1) The Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895

(2) Participated in the Eight-Nation Allied Forces’ War of Invasion of China in 1900

(3) In 1914, he signed the "Twenty-One Articles" with Yuan Shikai to destroy China.

Interpretation of Japan’s foreign policy:

Mainland policy: Since the Meiji Restoration, Japan has been "unwilling to be an island nation" and has adopted a policy based on the use of war for external expansion. It is the main feature and manifestation of Japan's modern militarism. "Mainland Policy" is divided into five phases:

Conquer Taiwan in the first phase;

The second phase conquered Korea;

The third phase conquered Manchuria and Mongolia;

The fourth phase conquers all of China;

The fifth issue conquers Southeast Asia, Asia and the whole world.

The Beginning of Japan’s War of Aggression against China PPT, Part 2: Japan’s Invasion of China

1. The background of Japan’s invasion of China

(1) After the Meiji Restoration, Japan gradually embarked on the path of militarism and launched many wars of aggression against China;

(2) In the early 1930s, Japan was involved in the economic crisis of the capitalist world, and its economy suffered a heavy blow;

(3) In order to pass on the crisis and ease domestic conflicts, Japan accelerated its pace of aggression and plunder against China.

2. September 18th Incident

In recent years, whenever the September 18th Incident broke out, Shenyang would sound the alarm to remind citizens that the national humiliation should not be forgotten.

Combined with textbook knowledge, summarize the overview of the "September 18th" incident:

Time: September 18, 1931 Location: Shenyang

Story: On the night of September 18, 1931, the Japanese invaders blew up the tracks of the Liutiao Lake section of the South-Manchuria Railway and falsely accused the Chinese army of destroying the railway. They used this as an excuse to attack Beidaying, where the Northeastern Army of China was stationed, and bombard Shenyang City.

Result: In less than half a year, the Japanese army occupied the three northeastern provinces

3. Crisis in North China

After occupying Northeast China, Japan extended its invasion to North China and planned the "North China Independence"

4. National Anti-Japanese and National Salvation Movement

Combining Figure 3-5 and the text description, think about:

(1) In the face of a serious national crisis, what proposition did the Communist Party of China put forward?

Establish an anti-Japanese national united front, stop the civil war, and unite with the outside world.

(2) What kind of anti-Japanese views did the people express in the outbreak of the "December 9th" movement?

Stop the civil war and unite to resist Japan

The beginning of Japan's war of aggression against China PPT, the third part: Xi'an Incident

Double Twelve Incident

Time: December 12, 1936

Initiators: Zhang Xueliang, Yang Hucheng

Location: Xi'an

Purpose: To force Chiang to stop the civil war and unite to resist Japan

Causes of the Xi'an Incident

The fundamental reason: The Japanese army further invaded North China, which put the Chinese nation at a critical juncture of national subjugation and genocide, and the national contradictions between China and Japan intensified.

Other reasons: the promotion of the anti-Japanese national united front policy of the Communist Party of China; Chiang Kai-shek's stubborn anti-communism and insistence on going his own way, arousing strong dissatisfaction among patriotic officers and soldiers.

The Beginning of Japan's War of Aggression against China PPT, Part 4: Activities and Research

During the ten years of civil war, Chiang Kai-shek killed thousands of communists and revolutionary masses. The Xi'an Incident captured Chiang Kai-shek. Should he "kill Chiang"? Or "let Chiang go"?

1. Attitudes of international forces

The first was the Soviet Union. He communicated back and forth between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party and contributed to the peaceful resolution of the Xi'an Incident. Secondly, with Yu Ruina's help, he brought Chiang Kai-shek's letter from Soong Meiling, giving Chiang spiritual motivation. In addition, countries such as the United Kingdom and the United States, which were invaded by fascism, also hoped that China could resolve the problem peacefully and join the war as soon as possible.

2. What the Communist Party of China advocates

After the Xi'an Incident, the CCP advocated a peaceful solution and the release of Chiang Kai-shek.

Considering that the situation at that time was turbulent, the CCP executed Chiang Kai-shek, which might lead to the pro-Japanese faction taking power and the country falling into a situation of divided power, which Japan would take advantage of.

If Chiang Kai-shek is released, the pro-British and American factions within the Kuomintang may accept the anti-Japanese proposition. For the benefit of the nation, the Communist Party of China proposed a peaceful solution to the Xi'an Incident and sent Zhou Enlai and others to Xi'an to mediate.

3. The efforts of the Communist Party

Generals Zhang Yang and Chiang Kai-shek compromised and reached an agreement with each other, and the Kuomintang peace faction faced reality and used multi-party mediation. These many factors interacted and complemented each other, and jointly contributed to the peaceful resolution of the incident.

The CCP sent Zhou Enlai and others to Xi'an for mediation, which finally led to a peaceful settlement of the Xi'an Incident.

What is the significance of the peaceful settlement of the Xi'an Incident?

The ten-year civil war between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party was basically over, and the anti-Japanese national united front based on the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party was initially formed.

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Part One: Thinking

Why did fascist countries repeatedly succeed in their aggression in the early days of the war?

① Britain, France and other countries pursue appeasement policies (the main reason is...

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Update Time: 2024-09-30

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