"New Routes Connecting the World" The Dawn of World Industrial Civilization and the Beginning of Modern Society PPT Courseware

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"New Routes Connecting the World" The Dawn of World Industrial Civilization and the Beginning of Modern Society PPT Courseware

Part 1: Importing new lessons

Talk about the shape of the earth and give examples to explain why

Students all know that the earth is round, but what do Europeans living in the Renaissance think? How did you later prove that the earth was round?

For Europeans living in the Renaissance, because their range of activities was limited, just from nearby villages to towns, many people believed that the earth was flat and that if a ship sailed too far, it might fall off the edge of the earth. Go down. Later, with the advancement of science, more and more people believed that the earth was round, and the opening of new shipping routes confirmed this theory.

The opening of new routes:

From the end of the 15th century to the beginning of the 16th century, also known as the "Geographical Discovery", it refers to the route from Western Europe across the Atlantic to the Americas, then across the Pacific to complete the circumnavigation of the world, and from Western Europe down the west coast of Africa, around the Cape of Good Hope, to the East.

PPT on a new route to connect the world, part 2: step-by-step learning

(1) Reasons for the opening of new routes

In the middle of the Middle Ages, Italian manual workshops developed, and autonomous industrial and commercial cities such as Florence and Venice gradually emerged, which needed to open up a broad market.

He bought 200 looms, hired more than 1,000 workers, and paid the workers daily wages. He no longer participated in production personally and concentrated on managing production and selling products.

Read the textbook and combine the following materials to talk about the reasons for the opening of the new route.

The development of the commodity economy and the emergence of capitalism require the development of markets;

a craze for oriental goods (spice, gold);

After the description in "Marco Polo's Travels" became widely circulated, it further aroused Europeans' yearning for the East;

In the 15th century, the rise of Ottoman Türkiye hindered transportation and trade between the East and the West;

Motives for spreading Christianity.

(2) Conditions for the opening of new routes

Which two countries were the first to explore? Why?

portugal and spain

(1) Both countries are strategically located on the Atlantic Ocean and are naturally inclined to develop overseas.

(2) Both countries mastered navigation technology, especially Portugal. (Improved map drawing level, multi-masted fast sailing ship)

(3) Both countries have a group of navigators who dare to explore.

(3) The process of opening up new routes

1487-1488 Dias

Western Europe—Atlantic—Cape of Good Hope Portugal

1492 Columbus

Western Europe-Atlantic-America Spain

1497-1498 Vasco da Gama

Western Europe - Atlantic Ocean - Cape of Good Hope - Indian Ocean - India Portugal

1519-1522 Magellan

circumnavigation spain

(4) Impact of the opening of new routes

The scope of the world we understand will continue to expand, including the Americas, the Atlantic Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, the Indian Ocean, etc.; the world will gradually become a whole.

The reasons for the difference are: the opening of new shipping routes has enabled people to discover new continents and oceans, broadened people's horizons, and people have gradually improved their understanding of the world; in addition, the advancement of science and technology and the development of scientific theories have also played a role Very important role.

A country with developed trade----Netherlands

In the 17th century, Europe's capitalist economy developed greatly, and trade exchanges between countries increased. At that time, the trade routes between countries in the world were mainly at sea. Which country had a developed shipbuilding industry and had the largest number and tonnage of merchant ships, it would be able to control East-West trade, dominate the oceans, and engage in overseas colonial plunder. Throughout the 17th century, the Netherlands was the most powerful maritime overlord in the world, and therefore was known as the "Sea Coachman."

It promoted the primitive accumulation of capital, strengthened the connections between continents, and laid the foundation for the formation of the world market.

PPT on the new route connecting the world, part three: Take a look, read, and talk.

1. Who were the indigenous inhabitants of the American continent discovered by Columbus? What race did they belong to?

Indian yellow race

2. What civilization did the indigenous people create? How was their civilization destroyed?

The opening of new sea routes led to the continuous arrival of European colonists, who frantically plundered land and wealth, enslaved and massacred Indians, and ultimately caused the destruction of Indian civilization.

Why did European colonists engage in a large number of slave trades?

In the 17th century, after the opening of new sea routes, driven by profits, European colonists turned their greedy eyes to the uncivilized African continent and began the criminal slave trade. At first slave traders used plunder to plunder black people, but later they changed their methods and adopted the so-called triangular trade. The slave trade process had three parts. First of all, European slave traders' slave ships loaded with inferior goods departed from European ports and arrived in Africa. This was called "departure." Then, slave ships loaded with black people crossed the Atlantic Ocean along the Central Sea Route to the Americas, which was called the "Middle Mile." Finally, the ships loaded with gold, silver and raw materials returned to Europe. This was called the "return". The slave trade brought huge benefits to plantation owners, and brought huge capital accumulation several times to the slave traders.

PPT on New Routes Connecting the World, Part 4: Summary of "Opening up New Routes"

Development of productivity and commodity economy

The opening of new shipping routes

1. The world begins to move towards a whole.

2. It promoted the primitive accumulation of capital, strengthened the connections between continents, and laid the foundation for the formation of the world market.

3. Promote the exchange and spread of animal and plant species around the world.

colonial expansion

1. Looting land and wealth.

2. Destroy Indian civilization.

3. Trafficking in black slaves.

(causing long-term backwardness and poverty in Asia, Africa and Latin America)

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"New Routes Connecting the World" The dawn of world industrial civilization and the beginning of modern society PPT:

"New Routes Connecting the World" The Dawn of World Industrial Civilization and the Beginning of Modern Society PPT Part One: I Have a Dream (the reason for the opening of new routes) Material 1: After the 15th century, the development of the commodity economy and the emergence of capitalism in Western Europe , for casting goods...

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Update Time: 2024-06-25

This template belongs to History courseware People's Education Press History and Society for Grade 8 industry PPT template

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