"Progressive Thoughts and Secular Culture" PPT courseware of Ming and Qing culture interweaving old and new

Description

"Progressive Thoughts and Secular Culture" PPT courseware of Ming and Qing culture interweaving old and new

Part One: Progressive Thoughts: Social Background during the Ming and Qing Dynasties

Politics: The absolute monarchy has strengthened as never before

Ming: Abolish the Prime Minister; Qing: Establish a Military Aircraft Department

Economy: The emergence and slow development of capitalism

Mid-to-late Ming Dynasty: Commodity economy was active (Jiangnan)

Thoughts: Cultural autocracy, strengthened ideological control

Ming and Qing Dynasties: Literary Inquisition and Eight-part Writing System to Recruit Scholars

background

At the time of the Ming Dynasty, the ruling class was extremely corrupt and orthodox ethics were questioned. Some advanced intellectuals represented the interests of the emerging citizen and business class and set off a progressive trend of thought that called for individual liberation, equality and democracy, with the nature of early enlightenment.

The emergence of progressive thought

(1) Li Zhi, the “heretic” thinker in the late Ming Dynasty

Li Zhi's thoughts and ideas

(1) Deny the authority of Confucius and Mencius’ theories and the “Four Books and Five Classics”.

(2) Criticize feudal ethics and advocate the free development of individuality.

Influence

It awakened people's awareness of resisting authority and pursuing freedom, which had an impact on the political system at that time.

(2) Three major thinkers in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties

Common living background: In a turbulent era, they all participated in the struggle against the Qing Dynasty.

1. Huang Zongxi, a thinker in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties

2. Wang Fuzhi, a thinker in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties

(1) The origin of the world: "Principle is in Qi" (Qi is a material entity, and "Principle" is an objective law.)

(2) Methodology: Examine objective things to gain a correct understanding.

(3) The relationship between heavenly principles and human desires: "Among selfish desires, heavenly principles reside."

3. Gu Yanwu, a thinker in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties

(3) The concept of “emphasis on agriculture and suppression of business” has been challenged

Source 1 Li Weizhen, a scholar of the Ming Dynasty, recorded the words of a Shaanxi merchant king who warned his descendants: "In the business of the four peoples, only scholars are respected, but if they fail to achieve success, they will not be as good as merchants."

Information 2 Huang Zongxi, a thinker in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, believed that “business and industry are both fundamental”.

Source 3 Wang Fuzhi, a thinker in the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty, said: "Those who make the people rich are the leaders of the country."

Source 4: A memorial to the governor of Shanxi during the reign of Emperor Yongzheng said that in Shanxi, "most of the talented people in the future are involved in trade... and those who are below the level of Chinese materials are required to study and take exams."

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the traditional concept of "emphasis on agriculture and suppression of commerce" was challenged, requiring attention to the development of commerce. Because some advanced intellectuals represented the interests of the emerging citizen and business class, they set off a progressive trend of thought with an early enlightenment character.

Progressive Thoughts and Secular Culture PPT, Part 2: The Development of Secular Culture

1. Changes in social fashion

Information 1: When people in the world open their eyes and see, Qian is a hero in terms of heroes. With all his satisfaction, it would be difficult to move forward without him. The kidnapper is rich and walks crookedly; the mute is rich and makes beautiful gestures. Nowadays, people respect money. Even if Kuai Wentong has no money, he can't compete with Tongguan. To be honest, people travel around the world for copper coins. To be honest, if you ask for help from someone, follow the example before you do it. Ming Dynasty. Zhu Zai's "Sheep on the Hillside · Money is a Hero"

Information 2 Textbook P15 Information about Lu Ji and Gu Gongxi

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the social custom of worshiping money and pursuing profit and the concept of money first affected social life. A view of luxury appears.

2. The rise of citizen literature: novels become the mainstream of literature

What is the difference between historical fiction and history?

History: The requirement is to accurately reproduce the facts that have happened.

Historical novels: The premise must be able to essentially reflect the true face of history. Based on historical themes, through literary creation, artistic processing and fictionalization of storylines and characters are allowed. The storylines and characters' deeds are not completely consistent with historical reality.

(1) The background of the Ming and Qing novels

(2) Reason:

A. The development of city economy and the growth of the citizen class provide a social foundation for the prosperity of novels;

B The unprecedented development of printing technology created conditions;

C The result of cultural autocracy.

(3) Common characteristics of the content reflected in novels of the Ming and Qing Dynasties:

Expose the decadence of the feudal system and demand the liberation of individuality

Progressive Thoughts and Secular Culture PPT, Part Three: Characteristics of the Ming and Qing Dynasties

(1) Politics: decadent monarchy

(2) Economy: The commodity economy is developed, and the sprouts of capitalism emerge and develop.

(3) Class: The rise of the citizen class and the need for spiritual culture

Keywords: Free download of History and Society PPT courseware for the eighth grade of the People's Education Press, PPT download of progressive ideological trends and secular culture, Ming and Qing culture PPT download of the intertwining of old and new, .PPT format;

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Update Time: 2024-06-30

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