"Comparison between Zheng He's voyages to the West and Columbus's voyages" The dawn of world industrial civilization and the beginning of modern society PPT

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"Comparison between Zheng He's voyages to the West and Columbus's voyages" The dawn of world industrial civilization and the beginning of modern society PPT

Part One: Character Introduction

Introduction to Zheng He

Zheng He (1371-1435), whose surname was Ma, was from Yunnan and of the Hui nationality. Both his grandfather and father had traveled by sea to the Islamic holy land of Tianfang (now Saudi Arabia). Zheng He had been influenced by his family's spirit of adventure since he was a child. Later he entered the palace as a eunuch and was sent to Prince Yan's Mansion. After Zhu Di ascended the throne, he was given the surname Zheng Minghe and was known as the Three Treasures Eunuch. From 1405 to 1433, Zheng He made seven voyages to the West.

Introduction to Columbus

Columbus (1451-1506) Italian navigator and explorer. He was engaged in sailing activities throughout his life and was the first European to reach the Americas. He believed that the earth was round and that India could be reached in the east by sailing west from Europe. With the strong support of the Queen of Spain, he made four voyages to sea. A route across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas was opened.

Comparative PPT between Zheng He's voyages to the West and Columbus's voyages, Part 2: Comparative scale

1. Comparison of sailing routes

The main places on Zheng He’s voyages to the West:

Fuzhou, Champa (today's central and southern Vietnam), Manchuria (today's Malaysia), Java, Bangkok (today's Bangladesh and Bengal, India), Ceylon (today's Sri Lanka), and the Arabian Peninsula.

The furthest reaches are the Red Sea coast and the east coast of Africa.

Major places on Columbus's voyage:

Columbus sailed from Spain and passed through the Canary Islands, Bahamas, Haiti and other islands

2. Comparison of sailing scale

In conclusion

What conclusions can we draw from comparing the two?

Zheng He’s voyages to the West were early, large-scale, and had a long route

China's navigation technology, scale, and equipment at that time far exceeded those of the West.

Comparative PPT between Zheng He's voyages to the West and Columbus's voyages, part three: analysis of motivations

Material 1 Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty sent Zheng He to the Western Seas in order to strengthen ties with overseas countries. At that time, Zheng He was chosen as the envoy because of this consideration. Because many of the countries they passed through believed in Islam, and he was from a Hui family, the fleet was led by Zheng He, which could reduce barriers, show respect for the local culture, and meet the need to strengthen overseas ties.

Material 2 Zheng He's voyages to the West were to "show off his troops to foreign lands and show China's prosperity."

Material 3 What the Portuguese were looking for on the coast of Africa, India and the entire Far East was gold; the word gold was the spell that drove the Spaniards across the Atlantic to the Americas; gold was the first thing the white man asked for when he set foot on a newly discovered coast. .

Material 4 The driving force of Columbus's voyage was to obtain commercial interests and open up new space for activities for the emerging bourgeoisie.

Inquiry: What is the difference in sailing motivation between the two?

① Strengthen ties with overseas countries; ② Promote national prestige.

In order to plunder gold and land, obtain commercial interests, and open up new activities for the emerging bourgeoisie.

Comparative PPT between Zheng He's voyages to the West and Columbus's voyages, Part 4: Discussing the influence

The impact of Zheng He’s voyages to the West

It strengthened the economic, cultural ties and friendly exchanges between the Ming Dynasty and various countries in Asia and Africa, making the Ming Empire powerful at home and abroad;

But it also caused a huge financial and economic burden to the Ming government;

It promoted the development of capitalism in Western Europe; strengthened the connections between continents and made the world move towards a whole; promoted the spread and integration of human civilization; but it also brought disaster to the people of Latin America;

The opening of new sea routes brought Western overseas expansion and plunder. Although the plunder was violent and bloody, objectively speaking, the large amount of wealth plundered by the Western colonists completed the primitive accumulation of capital and became a continuous driving force for the development of Western capitalist economies.

Comparative PPT between Zheng He's voyages to the West and Columbus's voyages, Part 5: Classroom exercises

Material 1: Zheng He’s voyage route map

Material 2: History will remember this day. On June 15, the third year of Yongle, Zheng He embarked on the greatest voyage in Chinese history. It was not easy for the Ming Dynasty, the most powerful country in the world at that time, to treat those small countries as equals, respect their sovereignty and territorial integrity, and give rather than plunder despite its overwhelming military superiority. It was not a conqueror by force, but it used its friendly actions to truly conquer almost all the countries along its voyage. This kind of conquest is the conquest of the heart, which exists in everyone's heart. When the mighty fleet arrived, people would not hide in all directions, but would come out to warmly welcome these guests from afar.

(1) According to Material 1, fill in the name of point A in the box in Figure 3. Combined with the knowledge learned, draw the navigation route of Zheng He's fleet from point B to the farthest destination.

(2) Based on material 2, analyze the reasons why Zheng He’s fleet was welcomed by the local people.

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Update Time: 2024-10-03

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