"Arab Empire and Islamic Civilization" The Successive Rise and Fall of Medieval Eurasian Countries PPT

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"Arab Empire and Islamic Civilization" The Successive Rise and Fall of Medieval Eurasian Countries PPT

Part One: Geographic Environment

Please describe the Arabs’ living homeland in terms of geographical location, terrain and climate, and speculate on the production and living characteristics of the Arab tribes.

home of arabs

geographical location

Western Asia, at the junction of three continents, has a strategic location

climate

Tropical desert climate, hot and dry

terrain

The desert is widespread with only a few oases

At the turn of the sixth and seventh centuries, tribes on the Arabian Peninsula were fighting each other for water and pasture, and social conflicts were very intense.

Arab Empire and Islamic Civilization PPT, Part 2: Basic Unification of the Arabian Peninsula

The relationship between the emergence of Islam and the unification of the Arabian Peninsula

1. Islam replaced the original polytheistic religion of the Arab people with monotheism to meet the needs of unification.

2. The Quran has had an important impact on the political and legal norms of Islamic society after the establishment of the country. The process of the creation and spread of Islam was the process of the unification of the Arab Empire.

arab empire

Muhammad's successor, the Caliph, launched a large-scale expansion war to compete for trade routes and land, and successively conquered West Asia, North Africa, Spain, and Central Asia. By the middle of the 8th century, Arabia had become a large empire spanning Europe, Asia, and Africa.

Arab Empire and Islamic Civilization PPT, Part 3: Arabia-Islamic Culture

Astronomy and geography

math

The "father of algebra" in Arabia was Al-Khwarizmi. After his algebra works were introduced to Europe, they remained common textbooks in universities until the 16th century.

The modern word "algebra" also comes from Arabic.

Who invented these numbers? Who spread it to Europe?

medicine

Medical Scientist: Lazis - "Medical Integration"

Ibn Sina - "Medical Codex"

architecture

Architectural style: The main body is a domed temple, located in the center of a square or rectangular courtyard, surrounded by cloisters with arches. The walls are decorated with various mosaics

Reasons for the formation of Arab-Islamic culture:

(1) The Arab nation is a nation that is good at learning and values ​​culture.

(2) The unique geographical location facilitates Arabs to absorb rich nutrients from Eastern and Western cultures.

(3) Historical reasons: commercial trade and political expansion

Arab Empire and Islamic Civilization PPT, Part 4: Consolidation and Practice

1. Arrange Muhammad’s religious and political activities in chronological order

The major events, the correct ones are ( ) ① The general unification of the Arabian Peninsula; ② The establishment of Islam;

③Leave Medina; ④Start to spread Islam in Mecca

A. ②③④① B. ②④③①

C、④②③① D、③②④①

2. The Islamic classics are ( )

A. "Bible" B. "Quran"

C. "Buddhist Scripture" D. "Tao Te Ching"

3. Islam was founded when the entire Arabian Peninsula was in a state of division. The most important significance at that time was ( )

A. Promoted the prosperity of Arab culture

B. Provide spiritual sustenance for people in turmoil

C. Strengthened ties between Arabia and other regions

D. Created conditions for the unification of the Arabian Peninsula

4. Among the following statements about the Arab Empire, which one is correct ( )

①By the 8th century, it spanned Asia, Africa and Europe

② It is a slave country ③ It has experienced more than a hundred years of prosperity

④Unification of politics and religion

A, ①②③ B, ②③④ C, ①③④ D, ①②③④

5. The capital of the Arab Empire was Baghdad. Which country is the capital of now ( )

A. Iran B. United Arab Emirates C. Iraq D. Israel

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Update Time: 2024-09-07

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