"Japan's Dahua Reform" The Successive Rise and Fall of Medieval Eurasian Countries PPT

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"Japan's Dahua Reform" The Successive Rise and Fall of Medieval Eurasian Countries PPT

Part One: Group Discussion Requirements

Discussion outcome requirements: Please discuss in each group what are the background (conditions) of Dahua’s reform? (Combined with books and materials at hand)

1. Each group selects a recorder and reporter. (The recorder is responsible for recording the key points of each member of the group's speech; the rapporteur is responsible for reporting the results of the group discussion to the entire class)

2. Each member first spends two minutes independently to quickly read the book and materials at hand.

3. Then each member of the group actively expresses his or her views, and asks the recorder to take notes. After the discussion, the rapporteur is asked to show the results of the group members’ work.

Japan’s Dahua reform PPT, part two: sending envoys to the Sui Dynasty and envoys to the Tang Dynasty

Material 1: Japan sent envoys to the Sui Dynasty 4 times and to the Tang Dynasty 19 times. Among them, 13 envoys were sent to Chang'an, with hundreds of people in each batch. For Japan, which has a population of less than 3 million, the proportion of people who come to learn China's advanced culture is quite large in the total population.

The members of the mission include diplomats, monks, overseas students and talents in various fields such as crafts and art.

Material 2: Japan's "Japanese Book of Records" records that in July of the 31st year of Emperor Suiko (623): "The laws of the Tang Dynasty are well-established, and the treasure of the country must always be upheld." (Meaning: The laws of the Tang Dynasty are complete. , it is a precious country and you should visit it often)

Japan's "Japanese Secretary" records (July of the 31st year of Emperor Suiko (623)): "A 'French prepared' emperor system was established based on the Tang Dynasty."

stage a coup

In June 645, Prince Nakadai (Emperor Tenji), Nakatomi Kamazu (Fujiwara Kamazu) and others killed Soga Niruka in court when Emperor Kogoku received envoys from Goguryeo, Baekje, and Silla. His father Soga I commit suicide. The royal family seized power. The eldest brother, the prince, and others supported the establishment of Emperor Takatoku.

Japan's Dahua Renovation PPT, Part Three: Dahua Renewal Background (Conditions)

1. Returned overseas students actively promote

2. The royal family and the reformists are eager to refer to China's Sui and Tang systems and establish a centralized state with an emperor system.

3. Social conflicts are very acute and the political situation is turbulent.

Great nobility and laborers

Local aristocracy and central aristocracy

Laborers and the Emperor

Emperor and nobles

among the central aristocracy

among local nobles

4. The royal family and reformists launched a coup to eliminate the wealthy families and strengthen the centralization of power.

Japan's Dahua Renovation PPT, Part 4: Dahua Renovation Process

1.Main Character: Emperor Kotoku

2. Content:

(1) Politically: Reform the administrative system and implement centralization (central government: two officials and eight provinces system, officials are appointed and dismissed by the state, and the hereditary system is abolished.)

(2) Economically: Land is nationalized, and the state regularly allocates land to farmers for cultivation based on population and collects taxes from them;

Peasants controlled by the aristocracy were transformed into citizens of the state

Law: Compilation of the legal code (701) (confirming the results of the reform in legal form)

Japan's Dahua Renewal PPT, Part 5: The Significance of Dahua Renewal

Politically: reform the administrative system and implement centralization (central government: two officials and eight provinces system, officials are appointed and removed by the state, and the hereditary system is abolished.)

1. The hereditary privileges of the powerful clans were broken;

2. The state form is basically complete, a centralized system has been established, and the status of the emperor has been established

Economically: Land is nationalized, and the state regularly allocates land to farmers for cultivation based on population and collects taxes from them;

Peasants controlled by the aristocracy were transformed into citizens of the state

3. Farmers' production enthusiasm increases, agriculture prospers, handicrafts develop, and commerce becomes active.

4. Define the reform results in legal form as a basis for governing the country, and study other aspects of reform to promote the progress of Japanese culture and education in many aspects.

5. This reform achieved a major leap in Japanese history and pushed Japanese history into a new era.

Japan's Dahua Reform PPT, Part Six: Exploration:

Material 1: The period after the Dahua Reform was called the "Tang Feng Era" in the history of Japanese culture. Japanese literati were proud to read Tang poetry and compose Chinese poetry, and their calligraphy and painting were often based on the Tang Dynasty. The courses taught in Chinese Studies are mainly Confucian classics.

Material 2: Dahua Reform absorbed a large amount of the cultural system of the Tang Dynasty, but Japan did not establish the eunuch system, nor did it absorb the traditional Chinese "Yi surname revolution" (which refers to one surname dynasty overthrowing another surname dynasty through violent revolution to establish a new dynasty) Thought.

Material 3: Japan used Chinese characters to create its own alphabetic kana in the 7th and 8th centuries.

think:

1. What was the attitude and approach of Japan, which was culturally backward at that time, towards absorbing advanced Chinese culture?

Learn with an open mind and learn selectively, not just copy everything, but also innovate.

2. Thinking: Japan learned from China in ancient times, and Japan learned from the West in modern times. These have made Japan continue to progress and become stronger. China has implemented reforms in order to achieve the great rejuvenation of the nation. During this reform process, what valuable qualities do you think we should learn from Japan?

To learn from the Japanese nation, we have a sense of crisis, we must be willing to learn, we must be good at absorbing the culture of other nations and turn it into a culture with our own characteristics, and we must have a spirit of learning and innovation.

Japan's Dahua revised PPT, part 7: Classroom exercises

Question 1

The following are Dahua’s reform contents ( )

① The land belongs to the state, and the "Law of Land Collection and Grant" is implemented

② Recognize private ownership of land and land sales

③ Reform the administrative system and implement centralized power

④ Compulsory universal primary education

A. ① ③ B. ② ④

C. ② ③ D. ① ④

Question three

The culture of the Tang Dynasty had a great influence on Japan, mainly reflected in ( )

① Codes and systems ② Confucianism and Buddhism ③ Urban architecture ④ Clothing, writing, and lifestyle

A.①②③ B.①③④ C.①②④ D.①②③④

Question 4

Among the Dahua reforms, the measures to liberate the peasants from the possession of the clan aristocrats were ( )

A. Common land citizenship system B. Bandian collection and transfer method

C. Rent and modulate D. Reform the governing institutions

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