"Opening up Territories and Foreign Exchanges" The establishment and development of a unified multi-ethnic country PPT

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"Opening up Territories and Foreign Exchanges" The establishment and development of a unified multi-ethnic country PPT

Part One: What measures did Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty take to consolidate the unification?

① Politically: Issue favor orders to reduce the power of princes and kings; strengthen the supervision system and establish a system of governors and governors.

②Economically: The central government unified the casting of currency and operated the production and sales of salt and iron.

③Culturally: Depose hundreds of schools of thought, respect only Confucianism, and vigorously promote Confucian education throughout the country.

During the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, economic development, power concentration, and ideological and cultural unification occurred.

So what measures have been taken to govern border areas?

PPT on territorial expansion and foreign exchanges, part 2: relationship with the Xiongnu

1. The relationship between Qin and the Xiongnu: attacking the Xiongnu from the north to build the Great Wall

(1) The rise of the Xiongnu:

①The Xiongnu were an ancient nomadic people active on the Mongolian grasslands.

②In the last years of Qin Shihuang, the Huns formed a powerful country, and their leader was called "Chanyu".

(2) The relationship between Qin and the Xiongnu:

① After the Qin Dynasty was unified, it attacked the Xiongnu in the north and regained a large area of ​​land.

② Qin Shihuang built city defenses on the basis of the northern Great Walls of Qin, Zhao and Yan during the Warring States Period to resist the intrusion of the Huns.

Exploring territory and foreign exchanges

2. The war between the Han Dynasty and the Xiongnu

It went through a complicated process of war, marriage, war again and marriage again.

3. The relationship between the Western Han Dynasty and the Xiongnu

(1) Western Han Dynasty: It went through a complex process of war, marriage, war again and marriage again.

In the early Western Han Dynasty, the Huns were unprecedentedly powerful. Under the leadership of Maodun Shanyu, they led about 300,000 soldiers and continued to invade neighboring tribes. They took advantage of the conflict between Chu and Han and the war in the Central Plains to go south across the Great Wall, raiding and plundering the areas of today's northern Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi and Hetao. In 201 BC, Liu Bang personally led an army of 300,000 to fight. They were besieged by Xiongnu elite cavalry for seven days and seven nights at Baishan Mountain in Pingcheng (southeast of Datong, Shanxi Province). The situation was critical. Later, Chen Ping's plan was used to secretly use generous gifts to dredge the Yan family in Maodun ( yan zhi), then you can be liberated.

It shows: The siege of Baideng showed that the Western Han Dynasty was still unable to resist the Xiongnu. Liu Bang, the emperor of the Han Dynasty, adopted Lou Jing's suggestion of "making peace" with the Xiongnu. He married a clan daughter to the Xiongnu Chanyu and presented a large amount of cloth, silk, wine, and food every year. etc., and became brothers with the Xiongnu, with the Great Wall as the boundary between the two sides.

(2) During the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the Xiongnu were attacked with force

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent Wei Qing and Huo Qubing to defeat the Xiongnu three times, of which the third time (119 BC) was the largest.

(3) After Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the situation of marriage and mutual trade

In 85 BC, a struggle for power broke out within the Xiongnu ruling group, and the kings established themselves one after another, forming a situation of "five Shanyus fighting for power". In 51 BC, Hu Hanxie Shanyu personally went to the Han Dynasty to see the Han emperor and "praised him as a minister", and the northern part of Saibei and the Central Plains were unified.

During the reign of Emperor Han Yuan, Queen Zhaojun married Hu Hanxie Chanyu. After that, there was no war between the Han and the Xiongnu for about fifty years.

(4) The relationship between the Eastern Han Dynasty and the Xiongnu:

①Southern Xiongnu

②Northern Xiongnu

PPT on territorial expansion and foreign exchanges, the third part: problem exploration

1. How to understand the nature of the Han-Hungarian war?

(1) During the Han Dynasty, the war between the Huns and the Han regime in the interior was a national dispute within the Chinese nation. There was no distinction between aggression and counter-invasion, only justice and injustice.

(2) The war between the Han Dynasty and the Xiongnu was caused by the Xiongnu’s plunder of the Central Plains. The Xiongnu’s plunder of the Central Plains was unjust. The war between the Han and the Xiongnu was anti-plunder and anti-slavery.

2. How to evaluate the "harmony" policy?

(1) When the national strength of the early Han Dynasty was not strong enough, it was a wise choice to adopt a policy of peace and fraternity with the Xiongnu.

(2) The Han-Hungarian peace achieved peace and stability in the northern frontier, relieved the people from the suffering of war, and strengthened exchanges between Han and Hungary.

(3) The peace and marriage policy cannot ultimately solve the problem of border troubles.

PPT on expanding territories and foreign exchanges, part 4: learn and apply

The first paragraph: Describe the achievements of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (that is, the measures taken by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty to achieve unification)

Politically: Issue favor orders to reduce the power of princes and kings; strengthen the supervisory system and establish a system of governors and governors. Economically: The central government unified the casting of currency and operated the production and sales of salt and iron. Culturally: Depose hundreds of schools of thought, respect Confucianism alone, and vigorously promote Confucian education throughout the country.

The second paragraph: Write about the mistakes of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (that is, some things that brought bad effects)

Ideologically: "burning books and burying Confucians" suppresses ideas and is not conducive to the diversified development of culture. Military: Frequent foreign wars have an impact on the country's economy and increase the burden on the people...

Paragraph 3: Write the conclusion

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty contributed more to the development of Chinese history than an emperor with great talents and great strategies, and an outstanding statesman.

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For more information about the PPT courseware "The establishment and development of a unified multi-ethnic country, the expansion of territory and foreign exchanges", please click the "The establishment and development of a unified multi-ethnic country ppt, the expansion of territory and foreign exchanges" ppt tag.

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Update Time: 2024-10-04

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