"The Aggression and Expansion of Fascist Countries" PPT

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"The Aggression and Expansion of Fascist Countries" PPT

Part One: Introduction of New Course

Hirota Koki (娳田 Koki ひろた こうき), the 32nd Prime Minister of Japan, was a Class-A war criminal in World War II. Born in Chikuzen, Fukuoka, Naka-gun, into a stonemason family, he was influenced by feudal ideas when he was young, and his only belief was the patriotism of King Qin. Graduated from the Law Department of Tokyo Imperial University in 1905. In 1906, he passed the diplomat and consular officer examinations with first place. In 1907, he was stationed in the Qing Dynasty. In 1929, he attended the 10th League of Nations Congress as a representative of the Empire. In 1933, he served as Foreign Minister of Saito Minoru Cabinet. In 1934, he served as Foreign Minister of the Okada Cabinet. In 1935, he proposed the "Three Principles of Guangtian" against China. In 1936, he was appointed Prime Minister and Foreign Minister. The general resigned in February 1937. In June, he was appointed as the foreign minister of the first Konoe cabinet. In 1940, he served as a council member of Mitsumasa Yonene's cabinet. In 1946, he was tried by the Far East Military Tribunal as a war criminal against China. He was the only civilian among the seven people sentenced to death. The main charges were: Hirota's Three Principles and the establishment of a military system. He was hanged on December 23, 1948 at the age of 71.

Hirota Koki was hanged as a Class-A war criminal. The main reason was because of his signing of the "German-Japanese Joint Anti-Communist Agreement" and his promotion of national fascism. But this is only a superficial reason. In fact, the Americans need to hang a civilian official to serve as a warning to others (to serve as a warning to civilian war criminals who have been sentenced to life imprisonment or fixed-term imprisonment). Prime Minister Fumi Konoe who really deserves to be hanged has committed suicide. Kido Koichi, Togo Shigenori and others are not worthy of death; the fascist godfather Hiranuma Kiichiro is too old and it is inhumane to hang him; Hirota is used to top the vat. . The lawsuit over whether Hirota should be hanged went all the way to the U.S. Federal Court, and the U.S. Federal Court actually accepted the lawsuit! (Is this Far East Military Tribunal "international"?) Later, the U.S. Federal Court reluctantly voted with a slim majority of 5 to 4: The U.S. Federal Court has no right to interfere with another international tribunal (it also knows how to make some superficial remarks). Only then were seven Class A war criminals hanged.

The aggression and expansion of fascist countries PPT, the second part: the establishment of the German Nazi regime

1. Formation background: The economic crisis hit in 1929.

2. Formation symbol: The establishment of the German fascist dictatorship.

3. Performance after taking the stage:

①The Nazi Party used the "Reichstag Fire" to attack the German Communist Party and progressive people; in order to strengthen ideological control, they burned a large number of

Progressive books; massacre of millions of Jews.

②Hitler vigorously developed the military industry and actively expanded armaments to prepare for war.

③In 1935, Germany openly tore up the Treaty of Versailles, implemented universal military service, and built a huge army.

④In 1936, Germany sent troops to the Rhine Demilitarized Zone. In 1938, it annexed Austria; in 1939, it annexed Czechoslovakia.

The manifestations of Hitler's implementation of fascist dictatorship:

1. Internally: Implementing terror, dictatorship and autocratic rule

⑴ Combining the president and prime minister into one person, he is called the head of state

⑵"Reichstag arson case" to attack the German Communist Party and progressive people

⑶ Disband all trade unions and ban all political parties except the Nazi Party

⑷ Burn progressive books and strengthen ideological control

⑸ Cruel persecution of Jews, setting off an anti-Semitic frenzy

2. Externally: Tear up the Treaty of Versailles, expand armaments and prepare for war

The aggression and expansion of fascist countries PPT, the third part: the formation of the source of war in Asia

Japan was also hit hard by the world economic crisis in 1929. Industrial and agricultural production dropped significantly, and exports dropped by more than half. By 1931, the number of unemployed people reached 3 million, a large number of farmers went bankrupt, and class conflicts were very acute. In 1931 alone, workers went on strike 2,415 times. The Japanese ruling group urgently demands to strengthen national power, divert the attention of the domestic people and find new solutions from foreign wars.

In 1931, Japan launched the September 18th Incident and attacked Shenyang.

Marks the formation of the origin of the Asian war in the World War

On November 25, 1936, Germany and Japan signed the Anti-Comintern Pact, and on November 6, 1937, Italy joined. At this point, Nazi Germany (Adolf Hitler), fascist Italy (Benito Mussolini) and militaristic Japan (Tojo Hideki) formed the "Berlin-Rome-Tokyo axis" (Berlin- Rome-Tokyo Axis) as the core military group (the member states are called the "Axis"). On September 27, 1940, the "Triple Alliance Treaty between Germany, Italy, and Japan" was signed, marking the formal formation of the three-country fascist military alliance.

In the second half of the 1930s, the three fascist countries of Germany, Italy and Japan colluded with each other and formed an aggressive military and political bloc called the Berlin-Rome-Tokyo Axis (1937), also known as the Axis Group.

Impact: Seriously threatening world peace and accelerating the pace of launching aggressive wars.

The knowledge in this lesson can be summarized as "one", "two" and "three".

"One" refers to a major economic crisis (1929~1933 economic crisis)

"Two" refers to the two origins of war (Europe and Asia)

"Three" refers to the Three Axis Group of Powers (Berlin-Rome-Tokyo Axis)

PPT on the aggression and expansion of fascist countries, part 4: Learn from history

Read the following historical information. How did the German and Japanese governments deal with fascist crimes?

Historical data 1: On December 7, 1970, Chancellor Brandt of the Federal Republic of Germany, who was visiting Poland, knelt in front of the Memorial to the Jewish Victims in Warsaw, saying that he wanted to "kneel down for all those who must do so but fail to do so." Brandt used this move to express his deep condolences to the Jews who were innocently killed by the Nazis during World War II, and to devoutly confess and atone for Germany during the Nazi era. This move allowed Germany to be forgiven and accepted by Poland and other countries.

Historical data two: German Chancellor Merkel’s remarks: “Germany should bear eternal responsibility for the crimes of the Nazis and the victims of World War II, especially the victims of the Holocaust. This kind of reflection must be carried out from generation to generation. Keep it.”

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"The Aggression and Expansion of Fascist Countries" PPT courseware:

The content of the first part of the PPT courseware "The Aggression and Expansion of Fascist Countries": Teaching target knowledge and ability. Students can understand the establishment of the fascist dictatorship in Italy, Germany and Japan by reading books and consulting materials; the formation of the source of war in Europe and Asia; knowing the arson case of the German Reichstag and Na...

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Update Time: 2024-07-03

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