"The Formation of Humanity" The Beginning of Human Civilization PPT Courseware 3

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"The Formation of Humanity" The Beginning of Human Civilization PPT Courseware 3

The emergence of human beings

1. The origin of human beings:

Modern humans may have developed from a branch of the African Australopithecus and belong to "human beings in the making."

"Full-formed man" was formed three to four million years ago and is divided into four evolutionary stages: early ape man, late ape man, early Homo sapiens, and late Homo sapiens.

2. Classification of races: yellow, white, and black.

What was the decisive step in the history of human evolution?

① Walking upright first frees up the hands for making tools and performing labor. Being able to make tools and perform labor is the fundamental difference between humans and animals;

② Walking upright promotes brain development and completely separates humans from the animal kingdom. Therefore, walking upright is a decisive step in the history of human evolution.

think about it

Based on the physical characteristics of modern humans, what are the main races of humans in the world?

(yellow, white, black)

How are the differences between them formed?

(The result of the long-term influence of various factors such as different natural geographical environments)

clan society

1. Matriarchal clan society: People “only know their mother but not their father”, and women occupy a dominant position in society. Property is publicly owned, and production and distribution are based on the collective.

2. The patrilineal clan replaced the matrilineal clan: With the development of agriculture and animal husbandry, as well as the advancement of handicrafts, commodity production emerged. Men were mainly engaged in plowing agriculture and animal husbandry, and began to dominate the economy. People began to "know both their mother and their father." Family heads and clan leaders are all men. Men began to dominate society, and patrilineal clans gradually replaced matrilineal clans.

Reasons for the formation of matrilineal clans

Because of group marriage

Women's important role in gathering and domestic work

Causes of formation of patrilineal clans

relatively stable marriage relationship

Men play an important role in farming and animal husbandry

What are the similarities or differences between matrilineal clans and patrilineal clans?

Common points:

①Both are tied by blood relationship;

② All implement public ownership of property and distribution.

difference:

① Women in matrilineal clan communes dominate society, and men in patrilineal clan communes dominate society.

② During the matrilineal clan period, people “only knew their mother but not their father.” In the later period of the patrilineal clan commune, people “knew both their mother and their father.”

Comparing the composition of the country and the clan, what do you think is the most obvious difference between them?

(Clans are formed naturally based on blood relationships, and countries are formed based on regional relationships through government, military, prisons and other institutions.)

In-class feedback

1. The formation of human beings in the world has roughly gone through three stages: _____, ____ and _____.

2. Chinese anthropologists divide fully formed humans into four stages: ________, _____, _______, and _______. Among them, Beijingers belong to ______, top cave people belong to ______, and Javanese people in Indonesia belong to _______.

3. Human beings in the world are divided into three major races: _______, ____ and _____ based on their physical characteristics.

Formal assignment:

1. Practice on page 5 of the textbook.

2. Explain in detail the origin and classification of human beings.

3. Detailed introduction to the development and changes of clan society.

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Update Time: 2024-10-03

This template belongs to History courseware People's Education Press Ninth Grade History Volume 1 industry PPT template

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