"Ancient Science and Technology and Ideology and Culture (1)" The Spread and Development of Ancient Civilization PPT Courseware 8

Description

"Ancient Science and Technology and Ideology and Culture (1)" The Spread and Development of Ancient Civilization PPT Courseware 8

Curriculum standard requirements

Understand: The three major religions in the world - Buddhism, which emerged in India in the 6th century BC; Christianity, which emerged in Palestine in the 1st century AD; Islam, which emerged in the Arabian Peninsula in the 7th century AD.

Master: ancient and mysterious writing—Egyptian hieroglyphics, Mesopotamian Sumerian cuneiform writing, and Phoenician alphabetic writing.

learning target

Read the text to understand history: What are the background, founders, and basic teachings of the world's three major religions? How to understand the reasons for the emergence of religion and its historical impact?

Emotions, attitudes, values, historical materialism: Religion is a historical phenomenon when human society has developed to a certain stage. Religious beliefs, religious emotions, as well as religious rituals and religious organizations that are compatible with such beliefs and emotions, are all social and historical products.

1. Read the text thoroughly, outline and memorize the following knowledge points:

(1) What are the oldest texts in the world? Who founded it and when? What are their characteristics? What is the impact? Who invented alphabetic writing and when? How many letters are there? What is the history of the development of alphabetic writing? What impact will it have on future generations?

(2) The background, founder, time, teachings, classics and spread of Buddhism.

(3) The background, founder, time, place, doctrines, classics, and festivals of Christianity.

(4) The background, founder, time, place, teachings, classics and spread of Islam.

2. Based on the thorough reading of the preview, complete [Quick Fill-in] independently to self-check the effect of the preview.

3. The preview time before class is limited to 15 minutes and can be completed independently.

1. Ancient and mysterious words

What is the history of the development of alphabetic writing? What impact will it have on future generations?

The Greeks created a more complete Greek alphabet based on the Phoenician alphabet; later Latin developed from the Greek alphabet, and the Greek alphabet and the Latin alphabet together formed the basis of the alphabetical texts of modern European countries.

[Error-prone reminder] Hieroglyphs and cuneiform were formed around 3,000 BC and are the oldest writing in the world; oracle bone inscriptions are ancient writing in China (Shang Dynasty, 14th-11th century BC).

2. The three major religions in the world

1. Buddhism:

(1) Background: Ancient Indian society had sharp conflicts.

(2) Time: _____________.

(3) Founder: _______________, known as Sakyamuni.

(4) Doctrine: Promote "__________" and oppose the privileged status of ________; the development of all things in the world has cause and effect; people must eliminate desires and practice hard, "__________".

(5) Spread: Northward, spread to most parts of China via _________, and later spread from China to North Korea, Japan, Vietnam and other countries; southward, spread to _________, Thailand, Myanmar and other countries and within China_ ________.

2.Christianity:

(1) Background: The Jews in Palestine were suffering and longing for the arrival of "_______".

(2) Time:_______.

(3) Founder: _______.

(4) Doctrine: Jesus is the "Savior". Jesus calls people to _________ and they can ascend to "heaven" after death.

(5) Holiday: December 25th every year is "_______". Take the year "Jesus was born" as _________.

3.Islam:

(1) Background: The Arabian Peninsula is divided.

(2) Time:_______.

(3) Founder: _________.

(4) Doctrine: Calls everyone to believe in the only God_____________.

(5) Classic: "_______".

(6) Spread: spread to _____ other places and North Africa, and had an important impact on these areas.

[Key point reminder] The fundamental reason why rulers of ancient countries vigorously supported religion was to numb people's minds and consolidate their rule.

【Judgment Q&A】

1. The oldest writing in the world is hieroglyphics. ( )

Tip: Hieroglyphics were formed around 3000 BC and are one of the oldest writings in the world. Ancient writings of the same period include cuneiform writing in Mesopotamia.

2. Cuneiform writing spread to many places in western Asia and made significant contributions to human civilization. ( )

Tip: Cuneiform writing spread to many places in western Asia and was adopted by various ancient ethnic groups in West Asia, making contributions to human civilization.

3. The three major religions in the world were all founded against the background of acute social contradictions. ( )

Tip: The three major religions all emerged when society was full of contradictions and people longed for equality, freedom, and happiness.

4. The current AD calendar is calculated from the legendary year of "Jesus' birth", which is AD 0. ( )

Tip: The current AD calendar is calculated from the legendary year of "Jesus' birth", which is the first year of AD. There is no AD 0 in the AD calendar.

5. The three major religions were all founded in Asia. ( )

Tip: Buddhism was founded in ancient India, which belongs to southern Asia, Christianity was founded in Palestine, and Islam was founded in the Arabian Peninsula, located in West Asia.

Collaborative research after class

After learning about the three major religions in the world, the students had different understandings of religious issues.

One view is that religion is the spiritual opium that anesthetizes people and should be banned from spreading.

One view is that religion gives people spiritual sustenance, eases social conflicts, and consolidates rule, and should be vigorously promoted and publicized.

[Inquiry and thinking] Which view do you agree with? As a young person in the new era, how do you think we should view or evaluate behaviors with different religious beliefs?

[Reference answer] Both views are not comprehensive enough. Religion is a historical phenomenon that occurs when human society develops to a certain stage. Religious beliefs, religious feelings, and religious rituals and religious organizations that are compatible with such beliefs and feelings are all products of society and history, and they will also disappear with the development of history.

We young people should believe in science and Marxist-Leninist materialism, but our country implements a policy of freedom of religious belief, and we should respect people who believe in religion and their behaviors. (As long as the meaning is similar)

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Update Time: 2024-09-07

This template belongs to History courseware People's Education Press Ninth Grade History Volume 1 industry PPT template

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