"The Dawn of the Capitalist Era" Entering Modern Times PPT Courseware 7

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"The Dawn of the Capitalist Era" Entering Modern Times PPT Courseware 7

Dawn Journey - Part 1 - Before Dawn Arrives:

During the feudal society in Western Europe, the church forces tightened their spiritual control over the people and brutally suppressed heretical ideas that deviated from the church's views. In the realm of spirituality and culture, divine authority prevails. ----"World History" Volume 1

Around the 14th century, the Mediterranean region was the most prosperous trade area in Europe. Many cities have developed commerce and handicraft workshops. More and more people have become wealthy through the development of industry and commerce, and a new bourgeoisie has begun to emerge. ----"World History" Volume 1

Dawn Two—The Discovery of Man

1. Renaissance

Italian commercial city----Florence

By promoting ancient Greek and Roman culture, the emerging bourgeoisie opposed the obsolete preaching preached by the church and launched a new cultural movement that promoted the emancipation of people's minds.

The rise of the Renaissance:

Means: Promote ancient Greek and Roman culture

Purpose: Anti-religious theology, anti-feudal system

Essence: The rise of new bourgeois culture

Pioneer of the Renaissance - Dante

Dante studied hard as a teenager and eventually became a versatile and knowledgeable scholar and poet. Later, he was exiled by the Holy See for resisting the Pope's interference in internal affairs. He lived in various parts of Italy for nearly 20 years. The "Divine Comedy" was composed while in exile. He died in a foreign country at the age of 56. Engels called him: "The last poet of the old era and the first poet of the new era."

The versatile art master—Leonardo da Vinci

A famous painter at the height of the Renaissance. He has extensively dabbled in various disciplines such as mathematics, physics, biology, anatomy, geography, etc., and is a rare versatile scholar. Called the "giant" of the Renaissance by Engels.

Literary giant-Shakespeare (UK)

Shakespeare was born in England and wrote about 38 plays. He is considered one of the greatest writers in the world throughout the ages.

Engels said: "This is the greatest, progressive change that mankind has ever experienced, an era that requires giants and produces giants - giants in thinking ability, enthusiasm and character, in versatility and learning. ". The precious cultural heritage left by these great masters to mankind will always radiate the light of wisdom. Let us summarize the historical significance of the Renaissance.

Think about it: What impact did the Renaissance have?

Promote the prosperity of European cultural and ideological fields and lay the ideological and cultural foundation for the emergence of capitalist society.

If the Renaissance is mankind's exploration of the unknown spiritual world, then the opening of new routes is mankind's exploration of the unknown material world.

It can be seen from the above materials:

Social roots: ___________________.

objective factor:___________________.

social roots

(1) The description of the prosperity in the East in "The Travels of Marco Polo" made Western Europeans yearn for the East.

(2) The fanatical pursuit of gold by all classes of Western European society.

objective factor

(1) Advances in shipbuilding technology and navigation technology.

(2) Improve geographical knowledge (round earth theory).

The impact of opening new shipping routes

1. Positive

Since then, transportation between Europe, Asia, America and Africa has become increasingly close, and the world has begun to connect as a whole. The prosperity of the industrial and commercial economy along the Atlantic coast of Europe has promoted the emergence and development of capitalism.

2. Negative

With the opening of new sea routes, European countries gradually embarked on the path of colonial plunder, resulting in poverty and backwardness in Asia, Africa and Latin America.

The following content is a different evaluation of Columbus's opening of the Atlantic route from Europe to the Americas. Do you think what they said makes sense and tell us what you think.

Indians: Columbus brought European bandits to the Americas, destroyed our culture and plundered our wealth. He was a devil.

Europeans: Columbus discovered the New World, spread European civilization to the Americas, and brought backward America into the civilized era. He was a meritorious official.

Learn history

Enlightenment 1: The spirit of continuous exploration and innovation is a spirit that will never fade away.

No power can destroy the courage of human beings to continue exploring!

Revelation 2: Humanity’s exploration today is the way of life tomorrow.

Therefore: Only by having the courage to explore the world can we keep pace with the times. Only by constantly advancing with the times can we lead the world.

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Update Time: 2024-09-25

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