"The French Revolution and the Napoleonic Empire" Entering Modern Times PPT Courseware 4

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"The French Revolution and the Napoleonic Empire" Entering Modern Times PPT Courseware 4

Reasons for the French Revolution:

Fundamental reason: The autocratic rule of the feudal dynasty hindered the development of capitalism.

Important reasons: French society has a strict hierarchy and sharp class conflicts.

The lives of the majority of farmers are very difficult. The bourgeoisie demands political rights.

The royal family was extravagant and the country's finances were in bankruptcy.

The contradiction between the third estate and the first and second estates.

The immediate cause: a severe fiscal crisis.

Ideological mobilization: The Enlightenment mobilized ideas for the French Revolution.

(The ideological liberation movement is the prelude to revolution, so it sounds the clarion call for the emergence of a new society.

Historical fact: The Enlightenment was the prelude to the French Revolution. They put forward loud slogans for the bourgeoisie to oppose feudal rule, and their doctrines provided ideological mobilization for the French Revolution. )

The ideological emancipation movement is a mobilization order for reform, so it is also the harbinger of social change.

Historical fact: The discussion on the standard of truth is the harbinger of China’s reform and opening up.

The French Revolution

Beginning: The storming of the Bastille in Paris on July 14, 1789

The Bastille is not an ordinary prison, it is specially used to hold political prisoners. It is a place where the ruling class imprisons the ruled class in order to maintain their rule. The Bastille is a symbol of French feudal power. When people open fire on it, it means going to war against traditional feudal forces. The storming of the Bastille was the beginning of the Great Revolution.

Revolutionary climax: Jacobins take power

evaluate:

1. Defeat the attack of foreign troops and quell the domestic rebellion; push the great revolution to a climax.

2. The attack area is too wide, making too many enemies, and losing the basis of rule.

2. Napoleon and his empire

1. Napoleon came to power

Why did Napoleon come to power? (P82 Use your brain)

"It was an accident that Napoleon, a Corsican, became the military dictator that the French Republic, exhausted by its own wars, needed. But without Napoleon, his role would have been filled by someone else. One person plays the role." - Engels

Outstanding personal talents;

"Opportunity": specific historical circumstances.

Enlightenment: "Opportunities come to those who are prepared."

How do you evaluate Napoleon's foreign wars?

In the early stage: it was a national war of a just nature.

Later stage: It turns into a military aggressive war.

Therefore, Napoleon's foreign wars not only attacked the feudal forces in Europe, but also harmed the interests of the people of other countries.

It has the positive element of defending the achievements of the Great Revolution and combating European feudal rule and spreading capitalism; it also has the negative element of invading and striving for hegemony.

Brainstorm answer:

The analysis of the two men is inaccurate. Both of them overemphasized a certain aspect of Napoleon's success.

There are many reasons for Napoleon's success, the most important of which are two:

1) It is his personal ability, he has outstanding military and political talents;

2) His success is also closely related to the specific historical environment of France at that time. It can be said that Napoleon's personal talent adapted to the needs of the times.

【Classroom Training】

1. Multiple choice questions

1. The beginning of the French Revolution is marked by ( )

A. The convening of the Estates-General B. The execution of King Louis XVI

C. The Thermidor coup D. The storming of the Bastille

2. The document issued during the French Revolution that reflected the opposition to feudal autocracy and feudal hierarchy was ( )

A. "Bill of Rights" B. "Declaration of Human Rights"

C. "Declaration of Independence" D. "Code"

3. During the French Revolution, after which faction’s rule was overthrown, the climax of the French Revolution ended ( )

A. Big bourgeoisie B. Girondins

C. Jacobins D. New aristocracy

4. Comparative evaluation of historical figures is one of the ability requirements of the history discipline. As bourgeois politicians, Washington and Napoleon have the same historical role in ( )

A. Won national independence B. Maintained national unity

C. Attacked European feudal forces D. Promoted the process of bourgeois democratic politics

5. Napoleon is a famous figure in French history. His main activities include ( )

① Launched a coup in 1799 ② Established the First French Empire in 1804

③Promulgate the "Code" ④Defeat the anti-French alliance many times

A, ①②③④ B, ②③④ C, ①③④ D, ①②③

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"The French Revolution and the Napoleonic Empire" PPT teaching courseware:

"The French Revolution and the Napoleonic Empire" PPT teaching courseware Part One: The Crisis of the Old System The reasons for the outbreak of the Revolution. Beginning in the 18th century, the French feudal system entered a period of decadence and decline, which was the period of the old system. During this period France was a monarchy...

"The French Revolution and the Napoleonic Empire" PPT courseware download:

"The French Revolution and the Napoleonic Empire" PPT courseware download Part 1 content: Reasons for the outbreak of the French Revolution 1. Economy: French feudal autocratic rule seriously hindered the development of capitalism (fundamental reason) At the end of the 18th century, France's factory handicraft industry had already developed on a large scale. .

"The French Revolution and the Napoleonic Empire" PPT download:

"The French Revolution and the Napoleonic Empire" PPT download Part One: The Crisis of the Old System Enlightenment Since the 18th century, the French feudal system has become increasingly decadent and declining. King Louis XV hindered the development of capitalism by increasing taxes and other methods. Progressive thinkers fierce...

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Update Time: 2024-11-12

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