"World War I" The World in the Era of Monopoly Capitalism PPT Courseware 9

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"World War I" The World in the Era of Monopoly Capitalism PPT Courseware 9

In 1892, the New York-Chicago telephone line was opened. Bell's first audition: "Hey, Chicago", this historic sound was recorded.

What period of scientific and technological achievements do the above picture materials reflect? What impact did this change have on the major capitalist countries?

The results of the second industrial revolution that began in the 1870s

1. The productive forces of capitalist countries have developed by leaps and bounds.

2. Capitalist countries begin to transition from free capitalism to monopoly capitalism, that is, the imperialist stage.

Which two countries were ahead of other countries in the Second Industrial Revolution?

United States, Germany

Import new lesson

As the imbalance in economic and political development intensifies, conflicts among imperialist countries have become more prominent. In order to compete for hegemony and re-divide the colonies, two major military groups formed and launched crazy military expansion preparations. A world war is about to break out, and only one spark can detonate the entire world!

Do you know what this spark is? What are the causes of this world war? What profound impact has it had on the development of human society?

1. Contradictions among imperialist countries

The fundamental reason is the unbalanced economic and political development of imperialist countries.

Manifestations of contradictions: Conflicts between France and Germany Conflicts between Russia and Austria Conflicts between Britain and Germany

The main contradiction among the three pairs of basic contradictions

essence of struggle

Fight for supremacy and colonies

The formation of two hostile imperialist military aggression groups

2. The formation of the Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente

The formation of two major military aggression groups, in essence, illustrates the increasingly fierce struggle of imperialism to redivide the world.

The fundamental reason is the unbalanced economic and political development of imperialist countries.

Constituent countries (core countries)

Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria, Italy (Germany as the core)

Triple Entente: Britain, France, and Russia (Britain as the core)

Nature Imperialist military aggression group

Impact: The two major military groups launched crazy arms expansion and preparations for war, and a world war was about to break out.

Someone described the Balkans at the beginning of the 20th century as "like a powder keg filled with explosives. Just one spark was enough to detonate the entire Europe."

So:

Why is the Balkan Peninsula said to be a "powder keg" ready for war in Europe? What is the main reason?

What event caused this "spark"?

1. Geographical location: The Balkan Peninsula is located in southeastern Europe, at the intersection of Europe, Asia, and Africa. It controls the gateway to the Black Sea and the Mediterranean. Its strategic position is very important and it is the focus of competition among European powers.

2. Ethnic relations and religious beliefs are complex: Arabs, Romans, and Turks have all conquered the area in history, resulting in a multi-ethnic, multi-religious and multi-racial phenomenon that is full of contradictions.

3. Competition between great powers: After the 19th century, the intervention of great powers and the competition between two major military groups led to constant small-scale wars in the Balkan Peninsula and became a powder keg in Europe.

3. Fuse

Princip's original purpose was to save the national crisis, but has his purpose been achieved? What are the consequences?

Instead of saving the national crisis, it ignited wars around the world and caused disasters for human society.

It can be seen that his behavior is not a just and correct behavior to resist national aggression. War is not inevitable, but we must fully realize the threat to world peace caused by emergencies, especially terrorist acts such as personal assassinations!

From the above analysis we can conclude the "Cause of World War I":

Fundamental reasons: Unbalanced economic and political development among imperialist countries, and rising imperialist countries’ demands to re-divide the world

There are many contradictions among imperialist countries, and the contradiction between Britain and Germany is the most prominent. The struggle for the Balkans is the common goal of imperialist countries.

Two major imperialist military aggression groups are formed, expanding their armaments and preparing for war

Direct cause (trigger): Sarajevo incident

8. Nature of war:

The First World War was an unjust imperialist war of plunder.

Although Serbia fought to defend its sovereignty and independence, and the war it engaged in had a just nature of national liberation, this did not fundamentally change the injustice of the entire war.

The First World War was an imperialist war. This conclusion is based on the

A: The warring parties are mainly imperialist countries

B. The underlying reason for the war was that the contradiction between Britain and Germany became the main contradiction of imperialism.

C. The purpose of the main warring countries is to carve up the world and compete for markets and raw material origins.

D: Late-stage capitalist countries will overwhelm old-line capitalist countries

Please think:

In World War I, a large number of new weapons such as aircraft, tanks, poison gas bombs, long-range artillery, etc. were used in the war, bringing huge disasters to both sides and the entire human race! What progress does the emergence of new weapons indicate? What effect did it have on war? What is the relationship between technology and war?

We should use technology to benefit mankind!

Explain the progress of science and technology.

The war has developed from a two-dimensional one to a three-dimensional one. Its scope, scale, lethality, destructive power and intensity have all reached unprecedented levels in the history of war, bringing heavy air disasters to mankind.

The application of scientific and technological achievements on the battlefield is the need for the development of war. While the development of science and technology provides convenience to mankind, it also increases the number of air crashes in war. The needs of war in turn promote the progress of science and technology.

9. Impact of World War I:

(1) It brought severe suffering to the people of all countries. A total of more than 30 million people were killed or injured in the participating countries, of which more than 10 million were killed by war, hunger, disease, etc.

(2) The war seriously weakened the power of imperialism: Russia, Germany, Austria-Hungary collapsed, and Britain, France, and Italy were weakened. The Ottoman Empire disintegrated.

(3) War causes revolution. The victory of the Russian October Revolution and the establishment of the world's first socialist country was another of the greatest results of this war; the workers' movement in capitalist countries and the national liberation movements in Asia, Africa and Latin America saw a new upsurge.

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1. The fundamental reason for the outbreak of "World War I" is

A Sarajevo incident

B Unbalanced political and economic development in imperialist countries

C The two major military groups are frantically expanding their armaments and preparing for war

D. The rising imperialist countries demand re-division of the world.

2. In July 1914, Kaiser Wilhelm II declared war on Serbia on the pretext of "a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity." This "opportunity" refers to

A. The establishment of the Three Kingdoms Alliance B. The establishment of the Three Kingdoms Entente

C.Sarajevo incident D.Battle of Verdun

3. Which of the following statements about World War I is correct?

A. The root cause is the Sarajevo incident

B. China participated in the war on the side of the Allies

C. New achievements of the second technological revolution are used on the battlefield

D. The just side wins the final victory in the war

4. During World War I, a British battlefield reporter sent back war reports to domestic news agencies. The fast communication tools he could choose were:

①.Cable telephone ②.Telegraph

③.E-mail ④.Wireless phone

A. ①④ B. ①③ C. ①② D. ②④

5. After studying the history of World War I, Xiaofang sorted out the following knowledge points, one of which is incorrect ( )

A. World War I was an anti-fascist war for the people of the world

B． Before the outbreak, two major military confrontation groups were formed in Europe.

C. The Sarajevo incident was the trigger for the war

D． The Battle of Verdun was one of the most tragic battles of the Great War

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Update Time: 2024-11-22

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