"Science and the Power of Thought" Brilliant Modern Culture PPT Courseware 6

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"Science and the Power of Thought" Brilliant Modern Culture PPT Courseware 6

1. The fire of ideological enlightenment

(1) What were the conditions for the rise of the Enlightenment?

(2) Who is the representative figure of the Enlightenment? What is their main point?

(3) What was the impact of the European Enlightenment?

Background information

In the 14th century, handmade workshops appeared in some Italian cities. This was the emergence of capitalism, followed by the rise of a new trend of bourgeois culture. This bourgeois cultural movement was historically called "literary and artistic movement". revival". In the second half of the 15th century, it expanded to other European countries.

Material 1: In the 18th century, the shortcomings of the old French system gradually emerged. The feudal system became increasingly decadent, social conflicts intensified, and people complained.

Material 2: At the same time, as the capitalist economy developed, the bourgeoisie was dissatisfied with the autocracy of the monarchy and the corruption of the church, so it launched the Enlightenment Movement in the ideological world.

Summary: What were the conditions for the emergence of the ideological enlightenment movement?

①The emergence and development of capitalism

②The intensification of social contradictions in France

The impact of the Enlightenment?

Enlightenment thought promoted people's ideological emancipation, provided strong support for the emerging bourgeoisie to replace the feudal aristocracy in politics, and promoted social progress in Europe; it also promoted the ideological emancipation movement in China, Japan and other Asian countries.

Please relate it to China's actual situation and talk about the impact of the ideological emancipation movement in China's modern history on social progress.

A. The Reform Movement of 1898 → laid the foundation for the spread of bourgeois democratic ideas and played a role in ideological enlightenment

B. The Revolution of 1911 → made the concept of democracy and republic deeply rooted in the hearts of the people

C. New Culture Movement → thoroughly criticized feudal ideology and laid the ideological foundation for the Chinese revolution to enter the new democratic revolution

2. Scientific revolution

(1) What were the conditions for the development of science at that time?

(2) Who are the outstanding scientists in this process? What are their main contributions?

Material 1: With the emergence and development of capitalism, people's minds have gradually been liberated from the shackles of religion and theology, and natural science has achieved great development.

Material 2: Newton's great achievements in his life were inseparable from his diligent spirit. He often stayed up all night doing experiments, sometimes working in the laboratory for several weeks in a row.

What are the conditions for science to develop?

1. The emergence and development of capitalism

2. Freedom of thought

3. Scientists’ personal efforts

Why do people mock Darwin? What problem does it illustrate? If you lived in Darwin's time, what would be your attitude towards Darwin's theory?

Why is Einstein said to be the end of the old era and the founder of the new era?

The theory of relativity proposed by Einstein in the early 20th century promoted a revolution in the entire physical theory and opened the door to the atomic age.

Don't hope to be a successful person, but strive to be a valuable person. ——Einstein

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"Science and the Power of Thought" Brilliant Modern Culture PPT Courseware 7:

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Update Time: 2024-11-16

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